失地农民角色认同现状及其与社会支持、自尊的关系研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 15:46

【摘要】：随着我国工业化和城市化的加速推进，对农业用地转换用途的需求不断增强，由此导致了大量失地农民的产生。在我国长期实行城乡二元结构的大背景下，城市与乡村界限分明。被动征地致使失地农民的生产、生活和交往发生了一系列变革，他们毫无准备地进入城市，，对自己的角色产生了“不确定感”，无法真正融入城市生活，一部分人甚至生活在城市的边缘。这一群体的数量日渐庞大，他们是否能真正认同自己的市民角色，真正地适应城市生活，对于经济社会健康发展和城市化进程的顺利推进，都将产生重要影响。因此，当前围绕失地农民问题开展研究，是十分必要且极具意义的。本文在研究已有文献的基础上，从现实需要出发，引入角色认同、社会支持、自尊三个变量，以一个新的视角深化失地农民研究。采用文献法、问卷调查法和个案访谈法相结合的实证研究方法，对常熟市1000名失地农民（收回且有效的问卷722份）实施问卷调查，进行个案访谈人次22人。主要研究结论如下：（1）问卷调查的结果显示，常熟失地农民在角色认同变量的“角色认知”、“角色体验”和“角色行为”三维度上得分均稍高于临界值，结合个案访谈可知，他们在自我角色上还存在着较为明显的“不确定感”，尚处于角色过渡期，还未从认知、体验与行为上完成向市民角色的转换。（2）整体而言，常熟失地农民的社会支持处于中等偏上水平，自我评价与体验相对良好。（3）不同年龄、文化程度、征地时间与收入变化的失地农民在角色认同、社会支持、自尊变量上表现出显著的差异。（4）角色认同、社会支持与自尊之间表现为显著的两两正相关，且角色认同在社会支持与自尊之间起到部分中介效应。即社会支持既能直接影响自尊，又能通过提升个体角色认同水平带来更高的整体自尊。研究表明，常熟失地农民在角色认同上仍存在“不确定性”，且其中一部分人自尊水平相对较低，要加速其市民角色认同，增强自我价值感知，给予更大力度、更具针对性的社会支持至关重要。本文的创新之处在于，将市民角色认同、社会支持与自尊同时引入，在更全面展示这一群体现状的同时，使三者纳入到同一个理论模型之中，进一步明确了相互作用的机制，为促进失地农民角色认同，提升其整体自尊水平，提供了方向与路径，也为丰富国内角色认同理论作出了有益探索，有效地实现了理论意义与实践应用的统一。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China, the demand for agricultural land conversion is increasing, which leads to the emergence of a large number of land-lost farmers. Under the background of long-term urban-rural dual structure in our country, the boundary between city and country is clear. The passive land requisition has led to a series of changes in the production, life and communication of landless farmers. They have entered the city unprepared and have a "sense of uncertainty" about their role, unable to truly integrate into urban life. Some people even live on the edge of the city. The number of this group is increasing. Whether they can really identify with their civic role and adapt to urban life will have an important impact on the healthy development of economy and society and the smooth progress of urbanization. Therefore, it is very necessary and meaningful to study the problem of land-lost farmers. On the basis of the existing literature, this paper introduces three variables of role identity, social support and self-esteem to deepen the study of land-losing farmers from a new perspective. By using the method of literature, questionnaire and case interview, 1000 landless peasants (722 valid questionnaires) in Changshu City were investigated and 22 person-times were interviewed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the results of the questionnaire survey show that the farmers' scores in the three dimensions of "role cognition", "role experience" and "role behavior" are slightly higher than the critical value. According to the case interviews, they still have a more obvious sense of uncertainty in their own roles, and they are still in the transition period of their roles. They have not yet completed the transition from cognition, experience and behavior to the role of citizens. (2) on the whole, the social support of Changshu landless farmers is at the middle level, and their self-evaluation and experience are relatively good. (3) there were significant differences in the variables of role identity, social support and self-esteem among the landless farmers with different age, education level, land requisition time and income. (4) role identity, social support and self-esteem showed significant positive correlation, and role identity played a part of intermediary effect between social support and self-esteem. That is, social support can not only directly affect self-esteem, but also bring higher overall self-esteem by raising the level of individual role identity. The study shows that there is still "uncertainty" in the role identity of the peasants in Changshu, and some of them have relatively low self-esteem level. It is necessary to accelerate their civic role identity, enhance their self-worth perception, and give greater strength to it. More targeted social support is crucial. The innovation of this paper lies in the introduction of civic role identity, social support and self-esteem at the same time, and at the same time, it brings them into the same theoretical model, and further clarifies the mechanism of interaction. In order to promote the role identity of land-lost farmers and improve their overall self-esteem level, it provides a direction and path, also makes a beneficial exploration for enriching the domestic role identity theory, and effectively realizes the unity of theoretical significance and practical application.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844

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