情绪效价、时间与左右空间的关联性

发布时间：2018-10-31 13:35

【摘要】：情绪、时间和空间无时无刻不伴随着我们的生活,是人们日常生活的重要组成部分,探讨空间与情绪、时间之间的相互关系逐渐成为研究者感兴趣的领域。已有研究对左右空间与情绪效价和时间的关系几乎达到共识,在阅读、书写习惯从左到右的群体中均存在“左—负”、“右—正”、“左—过去”、“右—将来”的关联模式。综合已有研究,上述对应关系大多是在被试充分意识到刺激的情绪或时间信息时进行的,那么在被试未充分加工刺激信息时,这种关联是否会自动激活呢?这是本文中考察的第一个问题。大量研究发现,情绪信息在认知加工中具有优先权,含有情绪信息的实验刺激更容易获得认知资源。日常用语中存在将情绪效价和时间结合起来的短语,如“辉煌的历史”、“明天的幸福”,它们与左右空间之间的对应关系是否存在情绪信息加工优势呢?较少有研究对此进行探讨。与同一侧空间相关联的情绪和时间信息结合的短语(如：“左—悲惨的历史”、“右—美好的未来”),以及情绪和时间所对应空间位置存在冲突的短语(如“美好的童年”、“虚渺的将来”),它们与左右空间存在怎样的联系呢?这是本文研究的第二个问题。本文通过三个实验考察情绪和时间与空间位置的对应关系是否受到刺激信息加工程度的影响,以及情绪效价和时间存在交互关系的短语与左右空间之间的对应关系。实验1(1a、1b)分别采用真假词判断任务和词汇效价判断任务,考察情绪效价和左右空间之间的对应关系。结果发现,只有在词汇情绪信息得到充分加工的实验任务中右利手被试按右键对正性词的反应更快,按左键对负性词的反应更快。实验2(2a、2b)采用与实验1相同的实验范式,考察过去和将来时间与左右空间之间的对应关系。结果发现,当词汇时间信息得到充分加工时,被试按右键对将来词的反应更快,按左键对过去词的反应更快。实验3(3a、3b)以同时含有情绪效价和时间信息的短语为实验材料,在短语信息加工程度不同的实验任务下,探讨了情绪效价、时间和左右空间三者之间的关系。结果发现,短语信息被充分加工后,被试按右键对正性将来和正性过去的反应更快,按左键对负性将来和负性过去短语的反应更快。研究结果证实了个体对刺激信息的加工程度会对情绪、时间与空间之间的对应关系产生影响,当个体充分加工刺激信息时,左右空间情绪效价关联和空间时间反应编码联合效应可能才会发生；当情绪效价和时间与空间位置的对应关系发生冲突时,会表现出情绪效价加工优先效应,刺激的情绪性加工可能优先于刺激的时间性加工。
[Abstract]:Emotion, time and space accompany our life all the time, and they are an important part of people's daily life. Exploring the relationship between space and emotion and time has gradually become a field of interest to researchers. There is almost consensus on the relationship between left and right space and emotional titer and time. There are "left-negative", "right-positive", "left-past", "right-future" patterns in reading and writing habits from left to right. Synthesizing the previous studies, most of the above corresponding relationships are carried out when the subjects are fully aware of the emotional or temporal information of the stimuli, so if the subjects do not fully process the stimulus information, will this association be automatically activated? This is the first question examined in this paper. A large number of studies have found that emotional information has priority in cognitive processing, and experimental stimuli containing emotional information are easier to obtain cognitive resources. There are phrases such as "brilliant history" and "tomorrow's happiness" that combine emotional value and time in everyday language. Is there an advantage in processing emotional information between them and the right and left space? There are few studies on this. Phrases associated with emotional and temporal information associated with the same side of space (e.g., "left-tragic history", "right-good future"), and phrases where emotions and time correspond to spatial positions (such as "good childhood"), How do they relate to the left and right spaces? This is the second problem studied in this paper. In this paper, three experiments were conducted to investigate whether the corresponding relationship between emotion, time and spatial position was affected by the processing degree of stimulus information, and the corresponding relationship between the phrase with interactive relationship of emotion titer and time and the left and right space. In experiment 1 (1a / 1b), the relationship between emotion titer and left and right space was investigated by using the true and false word judgment task and the lexical titer judgment task respectively. The results showed that the right-handed subjects responded more quickly to positive words and left keys to negative words only in the experimental task where lexical emotional information was fully processed. Experiment 2 (2a2b) uses the same experimental paradigm as experiment 1 to investigate the relationship between past and future time and left and right space. The results showed that when the lexical time information was fully processed, the right button was more responsive to the future words and the left key to the past words. In experiment 3 (3ax3b), the relationship among emotion titer, time and left and right space was discussed under the experimental task of different processing degree of phrase information with phrases containing both emotional titer and time information. The results showed that after the phrase information was fully processed, the right-click reaction to the positive future and the positive past was faster, and the left key was faster to the negative future and negative past phrase. The results show that the degree of processing of stimulus information has an effect on the relationship between emotion, time and space. The correlation of left and right spatial emotion titer and the combined effect of space-time response coding may only occur. When the corresponding relationship between emotional titer and time and space position conflicts, it will show the priority effect of emotional titer processing, and the emotional processing of stimulus may take precedence over the temporal processing of stimulus.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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