提取干扰对内隐记忆的影响
发布时间：2018-11-05 14:09
【摘要】：近三十年来,内隐记忆是认知心理学领域倍受关注的研究方向,吸引了很多专家学者的目光。内隐记忆指的是对先前获得信息的无意识提取,它与对过去经验有意识、有目的回忆的外显记忆是相对应的。关于内隐记忆的影响因素有很多,其中,干扰因素是最为重要的一个因素。当前,很多研究集中于探讨编码干扰对内隐记忆的影响,也得出了较为一致的结论,即编码干扰会影响内隐记忆。然而,关于内隐记忆提取干扰效应的研究很少,而且结论也不一致。 为了进一步探究提取干扰在内隐记忆中所扮演的角色,我们设置了两种不同的干扰任务：知觉干扰、概念干扰,并引入了加工水平这一变量,通过行为实验及事件相关电位(ERP)实验进行研究。行为实验结果表明,在无干扰条件下,词汇判断任务存在着明显的启动效应；而在干扰条件下,这种启动效应受到了影响,知觉干扰条件下深加工启动效应消失,但仍存在浅加工启动效应,概念干扰条件下不存在任何效应。脑电行为结果与行为实验结果一致。ERPs结果表明,无干扰条件下虽没发现浅加工启动效应的ERP成分,然而在深加工启动中,却有明显代表内隐记忆的N400效应；而在干扰条件下,新旧词间的ERPs却没有显著差异。 综合行为与ERP研究结果,我们认为内隐记忆受到了提取干扰的影响,这种影响在不同干扰任务类型中有所差异,概念干扰任务的破坏程度大于知觉干扰任务。
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years, implicit memory has attracted much attention in the field of cognitive psychology. Implicit memory refers to the unconscious extraction of previously acquired information, which corresponds to explicit memory of conscious and purposeful memory of past experience. There are many factors affecting implicit memory, among which interference is the most important factor. At present, many researches have focused on the effect of coding interference on implicit memory, and a consistent conclusion has been drawn that coding interference will affect implicit memory. However, there are few studies on the interference effects of implicit memory extraction, and the conclusions are inconsistent. To further explore the role of extracting interference in implicit memory, we set up two different interference tasks: perceptual interference, conceptual interference, and the introduction of processing level variables. Behavior experiments and event-related potential (ERP) experiments were used to study the behavior. The results of behavioral experiments show that there is a significant priming effect on lexical judgment tasks without interference. However, under the condition of disturbance, the priming effect of deep processing disappears under the condition of perceptual interference, but there still exists the effect of shallow processing, but there is no effect under the condition of conceptual interference. The results of EEG behavior were consistent with those of behavioral experiments. ERPs results showed that there was no ERP component of shallow processing priming effect without interference, but there was a N400 effect representing implicit memory in deep processing initiation. However, there is no significant difference in ERPs between old and new words under interference. Synthesizing behavior and ERP's results, we believe that implicit memory is affected by extraction interference, which is different in different types of interference tasks, and the damage degree of conceptual interference tasks is greater than that of perceptual interference tasks.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B842.3
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years, implicit memory has attracted much attention in the field of cognitive psychology. Implicit memory refers to the unconscious extraction of previously acquired information, which corresponds to explicit memory of conscious and purposeful memory of past experience. There are many factors affecting implicit memory, among which interference is the most important factor. At present, many researches have focused on the effect of coding interference on implicit memory, and a consistent conclusion has been drawn that coding interference will affect implicit memory. However, there are few studies on the interference effects of implicit memory extraction, and the conclusions are inconsistent. To further explore the role of extracting interference in implicit memory, we set up two different interference tasks: perceptual interference, conceptual interference, and the introduction of processing level variables. Behavior experiments and event-related potential (ERP) experiments were used to study the behavior. The results of behavioral experiments show that there is a significant priming effect on lexical judgment tasks without interference. However, under the condition of disturbance, the priming effect of deep processing disappears under the condition of perceptual interference, but there still exists the effect of shallow processing, but there is no effect under the condition of conceptual interference. The results of EEG behavior were consistent with those of behavioral experiments. ERPs results showed that there was no ERP component of shallow processing priming effect without interference, but there was a N400 effect representing implicit memory in deep processing initiation. However, there is no significant difference in ERPs between old and new words under interference. Synthesizing behavior and ERP's results, we believe that implicit memory is affected by extraction interference, which is different in different types of interference tasks, and the damage degree of conceptual interference tasks is greater than that of perceptual interference tasks.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B842.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 吕勇,韩宗义,杜英春;启动效应的ERP研究综述[J];心理与行为研究;2003年02期
2 聂爱情,郭春彦,吴艳红,屈南,丁锦红;图形编码与提取的ERP研究[J];科学通报;2004年19期
3 孟迎芳;郭春彦;;内隐记忆和外显记忆的ERP分离与联系[J];科学通报;2007年17期
4 孟迎芳;;内隐面孔再认及其脑机制的研究[J];宁波大学学报(教育科学版);2006年05期
5 孟迎芳;;内隐记忆和外显记忆的ERP分离述评[J];宁波大学学报(教育科学版);2007年04期
6 孟迎芳;;提取成功与提取努力的神经机制探讨[J];宁波大学学报(教育科学版);2008年06期
7 龚亮;程怀东;汪凯;;内隐记忆的神经机制[J];临床神经病学杂志;2011年01期
8 李颜苗;梁，
本文编号：2312314
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/xinlixingwei/2312314.html
