风险信息类型、时间和情绪对环境风险认知的影响
发布时间：2018-11-10 22:41
【摘要】：德国慕尼黑大学哲学家乌尔里希·贝克教授在他的书中首次提出了“风险社会”的概念，他在书中郑重地告诫:我们已经进入了一个“风险社会”!近年来中国在经济方面取得了举世瞩目的成就，但在经济蓬勃发展的背后，是环境遭到严重破坏的惨痛代价，环境问题在今天的中国是一个热门的话题，所以对于环境风险认知的研究就显得尤为重要。 前人研究得出了结论：不同的风险信息的传递通道和环境风险信息类型对于环境风险认知是有影响的，本研究在以往的环境风险认知的研究成果的基础之上设计了实验1，实验1的目的是研究环境风险信息类型与时间对于环境风险认知的影响。实验1得出了以下结论：（1）人们对三种不同的环境风险信息类型（疾病灾害、生活环境和生态环境）的风险认知程度由大到小的排列顺序依次为：生活环境、生态环境、疾病灾害。（2）性别因素对环境风险认知无影响。（3）人们对时间描述为10年时的环境风险认知强于时间描述为1年时的环境风险认知。实验1中未考虑情绪因素对于环境风险认知的影响。 已有的研究表明，情绪在风险认知的过程中扮演着重要的角色。存在着两个平行而且相互作用的信息加工模式，，第一个被描述为“理性的”，而第二个则被描述为“由情感驱动的与经验有关的”。情绪启动理论也表明唤起不同的情绪会影响人们的认知。实验2基于以上结论，采用图片唤起被试的不同情绪，研究在不同的情绪下，环境风险信息类型与时间对于环境风险认知的影响。实验2得出以下结论：（1）情绪因素对环境风险认知只在时间描述为1年时有影响。（2）而情绪变量为积极时，情绪因素对环境风险认知没有影响。（3）只有在情绪变量为消极时，情绪因素才对环境风险认知有显著影响。（4）实验2的结果得出人们对三类不同环境风险信息类型（疾病灾害、生活环境、生态环境）的环境风险认知程度的排序与实验1相同，是对实验1结果的重复验证。 本研究两个实验采用同样的实验范式，虽然在实验内容上有部分重叠，但是两次实验的结果互相验证，提高了三种环境风险信息类型的风险认知程度排序的可信度。但由于实验材料和实验设计等因素的限制，外部效度较低。在以后的实验研究中，可以对以上的不足有针对地改进，以使实验结果更加完全、信效度更高。
[Abstract]:In his book, Professor Ulrich Baker, philosopher of the University of Munich, first put forward the concept of "risk society", in which he solemnly warned: we have entered a "risk society"! In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in the field of economy, but behind the booming economy is the heavy cost of serious environmental damage. The environmental problem is a hot topic in China today. Therefore, the study of environmental risk cognition is particularly important. Previous studies have concluded that different risk information transmission channels and environmental risk information types have an impact on environmental risk cognition. The purpose of experiment 1 is to study the effect of environmental risk information type and time on environmental risk cognition. The conclusions of experiment 1 are as follows: (1) the order of risk cognition of three different types of environmental risk information (disease disaster, living environment and ecological environment) is as follows: living environment, ecological environment. (2) gender factors had no effect on environmental risk cognition. (3) people's cognition of environmental risk when time was described as 10 years was stronger than that when time was described as one year. In experiment 1, the influence of emotional factors on environmental risk cognition was not considered. Previous studies have shown that emotion plays an important role in risk cognition. There are two parallel and interactive information processing models, the first being described as "rational" and the second as "affective driven by experience". Emotional priming theory also shows that arousing different emotions can affect people's cognition. Based on the above conclusions, experiment 2 uses pictures to arouse different emotions of the subjects, and studies the effects of environmental risk information type and time on environmental risk cognition under different emotions. In experiment 2, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) emotional factors had an effect on environmental risk perception only when time was described as 1 year, and (2) when emotional variables were positive, Emotional factors have no effect on environmental risk cognition. (3) only when emotional variables are negative, (4) the results of experiment 2 showed that there were three different types of environmental risk information (disease and disaster, living environment). The order of environmental risk cognition of Eco-environment is the same as that of experiment 1, which is the repeated verification of the results of experiment 1. The two experiments adopt the same experimental paradigm. Although there are some overlaps in the contents of the experiments, the results of the two experiments verify each other, which improves the reliability of the ranking of the risk cognition of the three types of environmental risk information. However, due to the limitation of experimental materials and experimental design, the external validity is low. In order to make the experimental results more complete, the reliability and validity can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842
[Abstract]:In his book, Professor Ulrich Baker, philosopher of the University of Munich, first put forward the concept of "risk society", in which he solemnly warned: we have entered a "risk society"! In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in the field of economy, but behind the booming economy is the heavy cost of serious environmental damage. The environmental problem is a hot topic in China today. Therefore, the study of environmental risk cognition is particularly important. Previous studies have concluded that different risk information transmission channels and environmental risk information types have an impact on environmental risk cognition. The purpose of experiment 1 is to study the effect of environmental risk information type and time on environmental risk cognition. The conclusions of experiment 1 are as follows: (1) the order of risk cognition of three different types of environmental risk information (disease disaster, living environment and ecological environment) is as follows: living environment, ecological environment. (2) gender factors had no effect on environmental risk cognition. (3) people's cognition of environmental risk when time was described as 10 years was stronger than that when time was described as one year. In experiment 1, the influence of emotional factors on environmental risk cognition was not considered. Previous studies have shown that emotion plays an important role in risk cognition. There are two parallel and interactive information processing models, the first being described as "rational" and the second as "affective driven by experience". Emotional priming theory also shows that arousing different emotions can affect people's cognition. Based on the above conclusions, experiment 2 uses pictures to arouse different emotions of the subjects, and studies the effects of environmental risk information type and time on environmental risk cognition under different emotions. In experiment 2, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) emotional factors had an effect on environmental risk perception only when time was described as 1 year, and (2) when emotional variables were positive, Emotional factors have no effect on environmental risk cognition. (3) only when emotional variables are negative, (4) the results of experiment 2 showed that there were three different types of environmental risk information (disease and disaster, living environment). The order of environmental risk cognition of Eco-environment is the same as that of experiment 1, which is the repeated verification of the results of experiment 1. The two experiments adopt the same experimental paradigm. Although there are some overlaps in the contents of the experiments, the results of the two experiments verify each other, which improves the reliability of the ranking of the risk cognition of the three types of environmental risk information. However, due to the limitation of experimental materials and experimental design, the external validity is low. In order to make the experimental results more complete, the reliability and validity can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842
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