大学生内隐同性恋态度的ERP研究
发布时间：2018-11-21 13:52
【摘要】：关于人们对同性恋的态度研究,以往大多关注对其的外显态度,主要以调查或者访谈等方式进行测量,并较为一致地发现,人们对同性恋持宽容和接纳的态度。近些年,越来越多的研究者开始关注对同性恋的内隐态度。这些研究多采用内隐测量的范式,但所得结果与外显态度方面存在着明显差异,即大学生对同性恋的内隐态度是消极的,表现出同性恋内隐与外显态度的分离现象。然而这些研究仅限于行为层面,缺乏对其内在神经机制的探讨。那么与外显态度明显不同的内隐态度是如何形成的呢?是否存在着与其对应的特定的生理神经机制呢?同时,以往研究曾表明,通过行为改变技术可在一定程度上改变内隐态度,那么消极的同性恋内隐态度是否也可能发生改变呢,与其对应的生理神经机制是否也会受到行为改变技术的影响呢?为了探讨这些问题,本研究试图采用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,以大学生为被试,通过内隐测验范式探究大学生对同性恋的内隐态度及其对应的神经生理机制,同时通过态度改变技术,探究内隐同性恋态度是否会发生改变,以及对应的神经机制的变化。本研究包括三个实验： 实验一为量表并结合行为实验,以《大学生对同性恋的态度量表》测量大学生的外显态度,以内隐测量程序(WIAT)测量大学生的内隐态度。结果表明,大学生对同性恋的外显态度为宽容、接纳,而内隐态度则表现为消极,同时内隐和外显态度不存在相关,表现出分离现象。 实验二通过ERP测量了大学生在完成内隐测验时脑神经活动。结果表明,相容组(同性恋词汇与消极词汇联合归类反应)和不相容组(同性恋词汇与积极词汇联合归类反应)目标词诱发的N400和LPP表现着显著的差异,与不相容组任务相比,相容组诱发的ERP波幅更加正走向。 实验三进一步通过评价性条件反射技术探究大学生内隐同性恋态度改变的神经机制。结果发现,干预组在前测中表现出明显的内隐同性恋消极态度,但在态度改变干预处理后,这种消极态度的行为指示(IAT)消失。同时在ERP结果上,前测中发现与内隐同性恋消极态度关联的明显的N400和LPP效应,这种效应在态度改变干预处理后的后测中消失。 综合这些实验结果,可见当前大学生对同性恋的外显和内隐态度确实存在着分离的现象,消极的内隐同性恋态度有其特有的神经生理表现,N400和LPP效应所代表的不同任务刺激材料的语义一致性和情感一致性差异是内隐态度及其改变的生理基础。
[Abstract]:Regarding people's attitude towards homosexuality, most of them paid attention to explicit attitude towards homosexuality in the past, mainly measured by means of investigation or interview, and found that people hold tolerant and receptive attitude towards homosexuality. In recent years, more and more researchers begin to pay attention to the implicit attitude towards homosexuality. Most of these studies use implicit measurement paradigm, but there are significant differences between the results and explicit attitude, that is, the implicit attitude of college students towards homosexuality is negative, showing the phenomenon of homosexual implicit attitude and explicit attitude. However, these studies are limited to behavioral level and lack of understanding of its intrinsic neural mechanism. So how does the implicit attitude, which is obviously different from the explicit attitude, come into being? Is there a specific physiological neural mechanism that corresponds to it? At the same time, previous studies have shown that behavior change techniques can change implicit attitudes to a certain extent, so is it possible to change negative homosexual implicit attitudes? Is the corresponding physiological neural mechanism also affected by behavioral change techniques? In order to explore these problems, this study attempts to explore the implicit attitude towards homosexuality and the corresponding neurophysiological mechanism of college students by using event-related potential (ERP) technology and college students as subjects. At the same time, attitude change technology is used to explore whether the implicit homosexual attitude will change and the corresponding neural mechanism. The present study consists of three experiments: experiment 1 was used to measure the explicit attitude of college students with the questionnaire of college students' attitudes towards homosexuality and the implicit measurement program (WIAT) was used to measure the implicit attitudes of college students. The results show that the explicit attitude of college students towards homosexuality is tolerance and acceptance, while implicit attitude is negative, and there is no correlation between implicit attitude and explicit attitude, showing the phenomenon of separation. In experiment 2, the brain nerve activity of college students was measured by ERP. The results showed that there were significant differences in N400 and LPP induced by the target words of compatible group (homosexual vocabulary and negative lexical co-categorization reaction) and incompatible group (homosexual vocabulary and positive lexical co-categorization reaction), compared with the incompatible group task. The amplitude of ERP induced by compatible group is more positive. Experiment 3 further explored the neural mechanism of the change of implicit homosexual attitude of college students by evaluating conditioned reflex technique. The results showed that the intervention group showed a significant implicit homosexual negative attitude in the pre-test, but after attitude change intervention, the behavior of this negative attitude indicated that (IAT) disappeared. At the same time, on ERP results, the N400 and LPP effects associated with implicit homosexuality negative attitudes were found in the pretest, which disappeared in the post-test after attitude change intervention. Combined with these experimental results, it can be seen that the explicit and implicit attitudes of college students towards homosexuality are indeed separated, and negative implicit homosexual attitudes have their own neurophysiological manifestations. The differences in semantic and emotional consistency of different task stimuli represented by N400 and LPP effects are the physiological basis of implicit attitudes and their changes.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848.3
本文编号：2347169
[Abstract]:Regarding people's attitude towards homosexuality, most of them paid attention to explicit attitude towards homosexuality in the past, mainly measured by means of investigation or interview, and found that people hold tolerant and receptive attitude towards homosexuality. In recent years, more and more researchers begin to pay attention to the implicit attitude towards homosexuality. Most of these studies use implicit measurement paradigm, but there are significant differences between the results and explicit attitude, that is, the implicit attitude of college students towards homosexuality is negative, showing the phenomenon of homosexual implicit attitude and explicit attitude. However, these studies are limited to behavioral level and lack of understanding of its intrinsic neural mechanism. So how does the implicit attitude, which is obviously different from the explicit attitude, come into being? Is there a specific physiological neural mechanism that corresponds to it? At the same time, previous studies have shown that behavior change techniques can change implicit attitudes to a certain extent, so is it possible to change negative homosexual implicit attitudes? Is the corresponding physiological neural mechanism also affected by behavioral change techniques? In order to explore these problems, this study attempts to explore the implicit attitude towards homosexuality and the corresponding neurophysiological mechanism of college students by using event-related potential (ERP) technology and college students as subjects. At the same time, attitude change technology is used to explore whether the implicit homosexual attitude will change and the corresponding neural mechanism. The present study consists of three experiments: experiment 1 was used to measure the explicit attitude of college students with the questionnaire of college students' attitudes towards homosexuality and the implicit measurement program (WIAT) was used to measure the implicit attitudes of college students. The results show that the explicit attitude of college students towards homosexuality is tolerance and acceptance, while implicit attitude is negative, and there is no correlation between implicit attitude and explicit attitude, showing the phenomenon of separation. In experiment 2, the brain nerve activity of college students was measured by ERP. The results showed that there were significant differences in N400 and LPP induced by the target words of compatible group (homosexual vocabulary and negative lexical co-categorization reaction) and incompatible group (homosexual vocabulary and positive lexical co-categorization reaction), compared with the incompatible group task. The amplitude of ERP induced by compatible group is more positive. Experiment 3 further explored the neural mechanism of the change of implicit homosexual attitude of college students by evaluating conditioned reflex technique. The results showed that the intervention group showed a significant implicit homosexual negative attitude in the pre-test, but after attitude change intervention, the behavior of this negative attitude indicated that (IAT) disappeared. At the same time, on ERP results, the N400 and LPP effects associated with implicit homosexuality negative attitudes were found in the pretest, which disappeared in the post-test after attitude change intervention. Combined with these experimental results, it can be seen that the explicit and implicit attitudes of college students towards homosexuality are indeed separated, and negative implicit homosexual attitudes have their own neurophysiological manifestations. The differences in semantic and emotional consistency of different task stimuli represented by N400 and LPP effects are the physiological basis of implicit attitudes and their changes.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 植凤英;社会心理学中关于社会态度改变的研究述评[J];贵州师范大学学报(社会科学版);2004年02期
2 刘俊升;桑标;;内隐-外显态度的关系及其行为预测性[J];华东师范大学学报(教育科学版);2010年02期
3 刘婉娜;马利军;罗嘉洁;;大学生对同性恋内隐及外显态度的比较研究[J];中国健康心理学杂志;2010年12期
4 田唤;马绍斌;范存欣;;广州某高校大学生对同性恋的认知与态度[J];中国学校卫生;2011年01期
5 梁宁建,吴明证,邱扶东,曹小燕;互联网成瘾者内隐网络态度及其干预研究[J];心理科学;2004年04期
6 许静,梁宁建,王岩,王新法;内隐自尊的ERP研究[J];心理科学;2005年04期
7 陈进;粱宁建;杨福义;;自尊内隐改变的初步实验研究[J];心理科学;2009年04期
8 张兴贵;论内隐认知[J];心理学探新;2000年02期
9 汪伟;;IAT在内隐助人态度上的应用[J];心理学探新;2008年03期
10 徐莹;张庆林;;吸烟者内隐态度的ERP研究[J];心理学探新;2009年02期
，本文编号：2347169
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/xinlixingwei/2347169.html
