正念对高中生再认记忆影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 08:41

【摘要】：对于高中生而言,学业成绩会对他们的自信心、人际关系等产生影响,也是影响心理健康水平的重要因素,通过提高再认记忆,提高辨别力,有助于提高高中生在多项选择题目中的正确率,提高学业成绩,有助于心理健康水平的提高。在本研究中,正念作为一种正念状态和正念特质,特质正念是指个体获得的是一种持久性的改变,改变的方面包括认知、感觉和自我意识,状态正念指的是在正念练习之后这些方面产生暂时性的改变。在已有的正念与再认记忆的研究中,正念对再认记忆的影响并没有得到一致性的结果,同时,大部分研究集中在长时正念练习对记忆的影响,较少对简短的正念练习进行研究。在本研究中,采用不同时长的正念练习和不同类型的学习-再认材料,对正念练习对再认记忆的影响进行研究,同时,也对正念特质对再认记忆的影响机制进行进一步的研究。研究一分别以词语、无意义字母和图片为学习再认材料,均采用2(学习条件:测试材料学过,测试材料未学)×3(正念练习时长:无正念练习,3分钟正念练习,10分钟正念练习)的混合实验设计,以高中生为被试,采用学习-再认范式,自变量为正念练习时长和学习条件,正念练习时长为被试间设计,学习条件为被试内设计,因变量为击中率、虚报率和辨别力。在研究二中,利用无线索回忆再认范式研究正念特质对汉字无线索回忆再认的影响,对正念特质是如何影响再认记忆的进行探索。采用2(正念特质:正念特质高、正念特质低)×2(汉字类型:学过、未学过)的混合实验设计,因变量为回忆正确率和熟悉性评分。综合研究一、二,得出以下结论:(1)通过正念练习可以提高再认记忆的表现,降低虚报率并且提高辨别力。(2)图片的辨别力最高,无意义字母的辨别力最低,词语的辨别力居中。(3)在不同效价的图片再认记忆中,正性图片更容易出现虚报。(4)正念特质通过熟悉性影响再认记忆。(5)正念练习可以有效的提高再认记忆水平,有助于心理健康水平的提高。
[Abstract]:For high school students, academic achievement will have an impact on their self-confidence, interpersonal relationships and other important factors affecting their mental health, by improving recognition and memory, improve discrimination, It is helpful to improve the correct rate of high school students in multiple choice questions, to improve their academic achievement, and to improve their mental health. In this study, mindfulness, as a state of mindfulness and mindfulness, refers to a persistent change that an individual acquires, including cognitive, sensory and self-awareness. State mindfulness refers to a temporary change in these aspects after mindfulness practice. In the existing studies of mindfulness and recognition memory, the effect of mindfulness on recognition memory is not consistent. At the same time, most of the studies focus on the effects of long-term mindfulness exercises on memory, and less on brief mindfulness exercises. In this study, the effects of mindfulness exercises on recognition memory and the mechanism of mindfulness traits on recognition memory were studied by using different types of learning and recognition materials. In the first study, words, meaningless letters and pictures were used as the learning recognition materials, respectively, using 2 (study conditions: test materials were learned, test materials were not learned) 脳 3 (mindfulness practice duration: no mindfulness exercise, 3 minutes mindfulness exercise), The mixed experimental design of 10 minutes mindfulness exercise) was designed for senior high school students, using learning-recognition paradigm, independent variable was the length of mindfulness exercise and learning condition, the length of mindfulness exercise was designed between the subjects, and the learning condition was designed within the subjects. The dependent variables are hit rate, false rate and discrimination. In the second study, the influence of mindfulness on the recognition of Chinese characters without clue is studied by using the paradigm of no-clue recall recognition, and how the trait of mindfulness affects recognition memory is explored. 2 (mindfulness trait: high mindfulness trait, low mindfulness trait) 脳 2 (Chinese character type: learned, never learned) was used. The dependent variables were recall accuracy rate and familiarity score. Comprehensive study 1 and 2, draw the following conclusions: (1) through mindfulness exercise can improve the performance of recognition memory, reduce false report rate and improve the discrimination. (2) the discrimination of pictures is the highest, the discrimination of meaningless letters is the lowest. The discriminative power of words is in the middle. (3) in the picture recognition memory with different titers, (4) mindfulness affects recognition and memory through familiarity. (5) mindfulness exercises can effectively improve recognition and memory level and contribute to the improvement of mental health.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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