创造性想象产生的神经基础

发布时间：2018-11-25 17:22

【摘要】：创造性想象是指人们根据一定的目的和任务,在头脑中产生新颖表象的心理过程,这一过程对于创造活动十分重要。科技领域里重大发明的产生、艺术领域里典型形象的形成,都以在工程师和艺术家头脑中能创造出新颖的表象为前提,所以创造性想象是创造性活动得以顺利展开关键的认知心理成分。离开了创造性想象,一切创造活动都难以完成。先前关于创造性想象的研究主要集中在儿童和青少年创造性想象的发展、创造性想象的测量以及创造性想象的认知加工过程等行为学方面。然而,直到现在,创造性想象的神经基础仍鲜有研究涉及。为了检验创造性想象产生过程中大脑的神经机制,我们采用了功能核磁共振技术,比较了三种实验条件(创造性想象、普通想象和控制条件)下被试的神经活动模式。创造性想象条件使用了经典的概念结合产生新颖表象的范式(wisniewski,1996)。创造性想象条件要求被试产生与两个概念结合相对应的新颖表象,普通想象条件要求被试产生与一个普通概念相对应的旧有表象,控制条件是使用六个字符作为基线。我们的研究假设是,相对于普通想象,创造性想象将会显著地激活左侧前额叶这一与创造性有着紧密联系的脑区。我们的FMRI数据显示,相对于普通想象条件或者控制条件,创造性想象条件明显地激活了左侧额下回BA47,BA45和左侧额上回BA6。我们认为左侧额下回BA47负责较远距离语义联系的形成,左侧额下回BA45参与弱的语义联系的形成,而左侧额上回BA6卷入了与这些语义联系相对应心理表象的基本操作。本研究的结果第一次揭示了BA47,BA45和BA6是负责创造性想象条件下新颖表象的产生的关键神经成分。这个研究关于创造性想象的神经活动模式的新发现,丰富了人类高级认知的神经科学的知识,加深了人们对于创造活动神经机制的理解,对创造性活动的理论做出了重要贡献。
[Abstract]:Creative imagination is a psychological process in which people produce novel images in their minds according to their goals and tasks. This process is very important for creative activities. The emergence of major inventions in the field of science and technology and the formation of typical images in the field of art presupposes the ability to create novel images in the minds of engineers and artists. Therefore, creative imagination is the key cognitive psychological component of creative activities. Without creative imagination, all creative activities are difficult to complete. Previous studies on creative imagination focused on the development of creative imagination in children and adolescents, the measurement of creative imagination and the cognitive process of creative imagination. Until now, however, the neural basis of creative imagination has rarely been studied. In order to examine the neural mechanism of the brain during the process of creative imagination, functional nuclear magnetic resonance (fMRI) was used to compare the neural activity patterns of the subjects under three experimental conditions (creative imagination, general imagination and control condition). Creative imagination conditions use classical concepts combined to produce novel representations (wisniewski,1996). The creative imagination condition requires the subjects to produce a novel representation corresponding to the two concepts, while the general imagination condition requires the subjects to produce an old representation corresponding to a common concept. The control condition is to use six characters as the baseline. Our study hypothesized that creative imagination would significantly activate the left prefrontal lobe a brain area closely related to creativity as opposed to ordinary imagination. Our FMRI data show that creative imagination conditions activate the left inferior frontal gyrus BA47,BA45 and the left superior frontal gyrus BA6. significantly, relative to normal or control conditions. We believe that the left subfrontal gyrus (BA47) is responsible for the formation of long distance semantic connections, the left inferior frontal gyrus (BA45) is involved in the formation of weak semantic connections, and the left suprafrontal gyrus (BA6) is involved in the basic operation of psychological representation corresponding to these semantic connections. The results of this study reveal for the first time that BA47,BA45 and BA6 are the key neural components responsible for the production of novel representations under creative imagination. The new findings of this study on the neural activity pattern of creative imagination enrich the knowledge of neuroscience of human advanced cognition, deepen the understanding of the neural mechanism of creative activity, and make important contributions to the theory of creative activity.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B845.1

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