老年人对疾病或死亡敏感词的定向遗忘效应

发布时间：2018-12-21 10:48

【摘要】：目的:探讨老年人在中性和负性情绪干扰条件下对疾病或死亡敏感词的定向遗忘能力。方法:选取36名老年人(60~75岁)和37名青年人(20~30岁)参与试验,采用单字法定向遗忘范式,在中性或负性情绪面孔图片的干扰条件下,比较老年人和青年人对疾病或死亡敏感词的再认正确率和定向遗忘效应值。结果:在中性情绪和负性情绪干扰条件下,老年人和青年人均表现为要求记住的再认正确率大于要求遗忘的项目(Ps0.05);老年人定向遗忘效应值小于青年人[中性:(0.4±0.1)vs.(0.6±0.1);负性:(0.3±0.1)vs.(0.7±0.04),Ps0.05]。在负性情绪干扰条件下,老年人对敏感词的定向遗忘效应值大于非敏感词[(0.4±0.1)vs.(0.1±0.1),P0.001]。结论:老年人的定向遗忘能力弱于青年人,非敏感词的定向遗忘能力弱于敏感词,且老年人对非敏感词的定向遗忘效应在负性情绪下小于中性情绪。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the ability of directed forgetting of disease or death sensitive words in the elderly under neutral and negative emotional interference. Methods: 36 elderly people (60 ~ 75 years old) and 37 young people (20 ~ 30 years old) were selected to participate in the experiment. The recognition rate of disease or death sensitive words and the value of directional forgetting effect were compared between the elderly and young people. Results: under the condition of neutral emotion and negative emotion interference, the recognition accuracy rate of the elderly and young people was higher than that of the forgetting item (Ps0.05). The directional forgetting effect in the elderly was lower than that in the young [neutral: (0.4 卤0.1) vs. (, 0.6 卤0.1); negative: (0.3 卤0.1) vs. (, 0.7 卤0.04), Ps0.05]. Under the condition of negative emotional disturbance, the oblivion effect of sensitive words was higher than that of non-sensitive words [(0.4 卤0.1) vs. (卤0.1), P0.001]. Conclusion: the directed forgetting ability of the elderly is weaker than that of the young, and the directed forgetting ability of the insensitive words is weaker than that of the sensitive words, and the directed forgetting effect of the elderly on the insensitive words is less than that of the neutral emotion in the negative emotion.
【作者单位】：安徽师范大学教育科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然基金项目(31171076)
【分类号】：B844.4

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