聋哑儿童情绪管理和人际交往的绘画治疗：基于精神动力学的视角

发布时间：2019-01-17 18:50

【摘要】：绘画治疗属于表达性艺术治疗之一,但其真正运用于聋哑儿童则少之又少,在国内几乎是空白。在以往的儿童个案咨询中只是把绘画作为一种辅助工具应用于健康的儿童心理治疗,而对聋哑儿童团体全程进行绘画治疗还是第一次。本研究以上海福利院的7位聋哑儿童为被试群体,其中1位5岁男童是非孤儿,其余6位均是福利院的孤儿,7位中有2位女童,他们的年龄在5—9岁之间。被试分为三类,一类为非孤儿参加语训的聋哑儿童；二为参加语训的孤儿；三为先参加绘画治疗再开始参加语训的孤儿。本研究以绘画为媒介,采用团体治疗的形式对聋哑儿童的情绪管理和人际交往进行干预。通过研究来验证绘画治疗是否适用于聋哑儿童的情绪管理,是否适用于聋哑儿童团体治疗,是否干预有效。借用绘画治疗的过程来进一步的了解和认识这一特殊群体的内心世界和他们的情感表达方式,通过解读他们的绘画作品,结合绘画过程中的非语言信息,来改善和提高聋哑儿童的情绪管理水平。其实绘画过程就是一个情绪宣泄过程,把一些压抑的潜意识的情绪通过绘画创作安全的表达出来。该团体干预持续一个月,包括每周2次,每次1小时,共8次的绘画治疗。通过前后测数据的对比分析发现,非孤儿参加语训的聋哑儿童,其情绪表达是多样化的,其问题解决和自我安慰的数值高与孤儿同学；而参加语训的孤儿前后测数值几乎没有变化,可以推测其行为模式比较固定,而其替代活动数值均属于高分,从而可以推测其情绪被压抑了；而刚刚参加语训的聋哑儿童,其自我安慰的数值与有父母的聋哑儿童差不多,可以看出其情绪表达是本我的,社会化程度还不高。本研究结果表明,绘画治疗是适用于聋哑儿童的情绪管理,其团体治疗的形式是有利于聋哑儿童情绪管理和人际交往的,其干预是有效的。
[Abstract]:Painting therapy is one of expressive art therapy, but it is rarely used in deaf and mute children, and is almost blank in our country. In the past, painting was only used as an auxiliary tool in children's counseling, but it was the first time that the deaf and mute children's groups were treated with painting in the whole process. In this study, 7 deaf-mute children from Shanghai Welfare Institute were selected as subjects. One 5-year-old boy was a non-orphan, the other six were orphans, and two of them were girls aged 5-9 years. The subjects were divided into three categories, one was the deaf and mute children who were not orphans, the other was the orphans who took part in the language training, the third was the orphans who took part in the painting therapy and then began to take part in the language training. In this study, group therapy was used to intervene in emotional management and interpersonal communication of deaf and mute children. To verify whether painting therapy is suitable for emotional management of deaf and mute children, whether it is suitable for group therapy of deaf and mute children, and whether the intervention is effective. Using the process of painting therapy to further understand and understand the inner world of this special group and their emotional expression, through the interpretation of their paintings, combined with the painting process of non-verbal information, To improve and improve the deaf-mute children's emotional management level. In fact, painting process is a process of emotional catharsis, some depressed subconscious emotions are safely expressed through painting. The group's intervention lasted one month, including 8 painting sessions twice a week for an hour. Through the comparison and analysis of the data before and after the test, it is found that the deaf and mute children who are not orphans participate in language training have a variety of emotional expressions, and the value of problem-solving and self-consolation is higher than that of the orphaned students. However, there is almost no change in the values of orphans before and after taking part in language training, so it can be inferred that their behavior patterns are relatively fixed, while the values of their substitution activities are all of high scores, so it can be inferred that their emotions are suppressed. The self-comforting value of deaf and mute children who just participated in language training is similar to that of deaf and mute children with parents. It can be seen that the emotional expression of deaf and mute children is primordial, and the degree of socialization is not high. The results show that painting therapy is suitable for emotional management of deaf and mute children, and the form of group therapy is beneficial to emotional management and interpersonal communication of deaf and mute children, and its intervention is effective.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

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