词切分对藏族大学生藏汉双语阅读影响的眼动研究

发布时间：2019-02-21 14:20

【摘要】：当前比较成熟的词切分阅读的眼动研究都集中在对以汉语为第二语言的留学生的认知研究中,现有眼动模型的建立都基于拼音文字的研究,而民族语言与汉语的眼动研究相对较少,特别是藏汉双语的词切分眼动研究就更少。因此,本研究具有一定意义,既能充实民族心理与双语的眼动研究理论,又能为民族学生的双语学习和发展提供依据,同时也能验证藏汉双语者是否存在其他双语者在词切分句子阅读中的普遍特点。因此,实施藏汉双语词切分的眼动研究,考察藏汉双语者阅读藏汉双语词切分句子的眼动控制问题既有深刻的理论意义,也对藏汉双语教育具有重要的实践意义。研究通过两个实验,对不同长度和难度的词切分句子的眼动控制模型和认知特点进行了系统考察。实验一采用2(长句,短句)x2(藏文句子,汉文句子)x4(呈现条件:正常无空格、词间空格、字间空格、非词空格)三因素混合实验设计考察阅读不同长度的词切分双语句子的眼动特点。结果发现:字间切分和非词切分方式严重阻碍阅读,存在词空格效应,句子长度显著影响阅读时的各个眼动指标。双语句子在不同切分方式下存在差异,同时又受到句子的外在视觉特征(如长度)的影响,那么语义特征(如难易程度)是否也影响不同切分方式的双语句子。基于此,实验二采用2(难句,简单句)x2(藏语句子,汉语句子)x4(呈现条件:正常无空格、词间空格、字间空格、非词空格)三因素混合实验设计。结果发现除了存在切分方式间的差异外,句子难度也有显著的影响。分析实验一和实验二的研究结果发现二者之间又存在共性特征:1、存在词间空格效应,字间切分的双语句子均延长了句子的总阅读时间,非词切分方式阻碍句子的阅读。2、藏汉双语者可能受到社会心理效应的影响,对书面汉语句子的认同较高,其更容易被选择为优势语句。相对而言,藏语句子的加工难度较大,整个眼动指标均高于汉语句子。3、词间空格提供了有效的词边界信息,加快了词汇通达的进程,为工作记忆的有效命题加工提供更多机会,减少了认知资源的消耗,从而促进了阅读理解,这符合言语效能理论的观点。4、句子阅读理解的过程中同时存在对字形表征和语义表征的加工。
[Abstract]:At present, more mature researches on eye movement of word segmentation and reading are focused on the cognitive research of foreign students who use Chinese as their second language, and the existing eye movement models are based on the study of phonetic characters. However, there are relatively few researches on eye movement between national language and Chinese, especially on Tibetan and Chinese word segmentation. Therefore, this study has a certain significance, not only can enrich the national psychology and bilingual eye movement research theory, but also can provide the basis for the bilingual learning and development of ethnic students. At the same time, it can also verify whether Tibetan and Chinese bilinguals have the common characteristics of other bilinguals in the reading of word segmentation sentences. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical significance to carry out the eye movement research on the segmentation of Tibetan and Chinese words, and to investigate the control of eye movement in reading sentences of Tibetan and Chinese bilingual words. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the eye movement control model and cognitive characteristics of word segmentation sentences with different length and difficulty. Experiment 1 uses 2 (long sentence, short sentence) x2 (Tibetan sentence, Chinese sentence) x4 (presentation condition: normal no space, interword space, Three-factor mixed experimental design was designed to investigate the eye movement characteristics of reading different length word segmentation bilingual sentences. The results show that inter-word segmentation and non-word segmentation seriously hinder reading, there is a word-space effect, and sentence length has a significant impact on each eye movement index. Bilingual sentences are different in different segmentation modes, but also influenced by the external visual features (such as length) of the sentences, so whether semantic features (such as the degree of difficulty) also affect the bilingual sentences with different segmentation modes. Based on this, the experiment 2 (difficult sentence, simple sentence) x2 (Tibetan sentence, Chinese sentence) x4 (presentation condition: normal no space, inter-word space, non-word space) three factors mixed experimental design. The results showed that there were significant differences in segmentation patterns and sentence difficulty. By analyzing the results of experiment 1 and experiment 2, it is found that there are some common features between them: 1) there is an inter-word space effect, and the bilingual sentences with inter-word segmentation can prolong the total reading time of sentences, and the non-word segmentation method hinders the reading of sentences. Tibetan and Chinese bilinguals may be influenced by social psychological effects and have a higher recognition of written Chinese sentences and are more likely to be selected as superior sentences. Comparatively speaking, Tibetan sentence processing is more difficult, the whole eye movement index is higher than Chinese sentence. 3. The space between words provides effective word boundary information, and speeds up the process of vocabulary access. It provides more opportunities for the processing of effective propositions in working memory, reduces the consumption of cognitive resources, and promotes reading comprehension, which is in line with the theory of verbal efficacy. In the process of sentence reading, there are two kinds of processing: font representation and semantic representation.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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