发散性思维酝酿效应的脑机制研究
发布时间：2019-05-14 03:14
【摘要】：本研究探讨了创造性思维中内插任务的特征对酝酿效应的影响,从而为解释酝酿效应的内在机制提供某些证据。实验1是行为研究,我们比较了四种不同内插任务的酝酿期对后续创造性认知的作用；实验2是脑电研究,我们以EEG的α波ERD/ERS为生物标记物探查酝酿效应背后的脑机制,从神经成像学角度为创造性思维酝酿效应内在机制提出进一步解释。 实验1研究假设认为,如果内插任务引发的远距离联结加工确实可以解释酝酿效应,那么可以预期如果内插任务促进了远距离联结的加工,则无论其认知需求水平高低,都会对随后的创造性表现中产生积极的作用。本实验采用延迟酝酿实验范式,选择非常规用途任务(AUT)为目标任务。内插任务包括两种实验任务,分别是反思已生成的观念(RF条件)和字谜任务(WP条件),这两种任务都已被证实能够引发远距离联结加工；两种对照任务,分别是典型特征任务(OC条件)和组词任务(PF条件),这两种任务均不能引发远距离联结加工。结果发现RF和WP任务均能引发显著的酝酿效应,OC和PF任务均不能引发显著的酝酿效应。该结果表明,能够引发远距离联结加工的任务无论其认知水平高低,均能对酝酿期后的创造性认知产生积极作用。这一现象可以用无意识的语义激活扩散理论来解释。 实验2采用和实验1相似的研究范式和创造性任务。考虑到行为实验中任务存在同质性的问题和脑电研究的时间限制,所以我们比较了RF条件和OC条件(即实验1证明带来最显著和最不显著的两种条件)下,被试完成AUT任务过程的脑电α波活动差异。行为结果证实,RF酝酿条件较之OC酝酿条件带来了更显著的酝酿效应。EEG结果显示,RF酝酿期伴随着左右脑前额叶、顶叶α波高频段能量增加(ERS),而OC酝酿期伴随着左右脑广泛的α波高频段能量的减少(ERD)。EEG结果还发现,RF内插任务导致后续完成AUT任务时左右脑α波活动在额叶区域的增强。因此,创造性思维任务中的酝酿效应引发α波同步化,不同的内插任务导致α波能量变化不同。实验2为支持酝酿效应无意识的语义激活扩散加工提供了直接的生物学证据。 两个实验均表明了创造性思维中内插任务的特征影响酝酿效应,引发远距离联结加工的内插任务能够对酝酿期后的创造性任务产生积极的作用。酝酿期和酝酿期后完成创造性任务过程中均伴随着α波同步化,不同的内插任务导致α波能量变化不同。语义激活扩散加工可以较好的解释本研究结论。
[Abstract]:This study discusses the influence of the characteristics of interpolation tasks in creative thinking on the brewing effect, so as to provide some evidence for explaining the internal mechanism of the brewing effect. Experiment 1 is behavioral research. We compared the effects of the gestation period of four different interpolation tasks on the subsequent creative cognition. Experiment 2 is EEG research. We use EEG 伪 wave ERD/ERS as biomarker to explore the brain mechanism behind the brewing effect, and propose a further explanation for the internal mechanism of creative thinking brewing effect from the perspective of neuroimaging. The hypothesis of experiment 1 is that if the long-distance connection processing caused by interpolation task can really explain the brewing effect, then it can be expected that if the interpolation task promotes the processing of long-distance connection, regardless of the level of cognitive demand, Will play a positive role in the subsequent creative performance. In this experiment, the delayed brewing experiment paradigm was used, and the unconventional task (AUT) was selected as the target task. The interpolation task includes two kinds of experimental tasks, which are reflection on the generated concept (RF condition) and crossword puzzle task (WP condition), both of which have been proved to be able to trigger long-distance connection processing. The two control tasks are typical feature task (OC condition) and word group task (PF condition). Neither of the two tasks can cause remote connection processing. The results showed that both RF and WP tasks could induce significant brewing effect, but neither OC nor PF task could induce significant brewing effect. The results show that the tasks that can trigger long-distance connection processing, regardless of their cognitive level, can play a positive role in creative cognition after gestation. This phenomenon can be explained by the unconscious theory of semantic activation diffusion. Experiment 2 adopted a similar research paradigm and creative task as experiment 1. Considering the homogeneity of tasks in behavioral experiments and the time limit of EEG research, we compared the RF condition with the OC condition (that is, the two conditions that experiment 1 proved to bring the most significant and the least significant). The difference of EEG 伪 wave activity during the completion of AUT task. The results of behavior showed that RF brewing condition had more significant brewing effect than OC brewing condition. EEG results showed that RF brewing period was accompanied by the increase of (ERS), in the high frequency segment of 伪 wave in the left and right prebrain lobe and parietal lobe. However, OC gestation period was accompanied by the decrease of high frequency energy of 伪 wave in the left and right brain. EEG results also found that the RF interpolation task led to the enhancement of 伪 wave activity in the frontal lobe during the subsequent completion of the AUT task. Therefore, the brewing effect in creative thinking task leads to 伪 wave synchronization, and different interpolation tasks lead to different 伪 wave energy changes. Experiment 2 provides direct biological evidence for semantic activation diffusion processing that supports the unconscious brewing effect. Both experiments show that the characteristics of interpolation tasks in creative thinking affect the brewing effect, and the interpolation tasks that lead to long-distance connection processing can play a positive role in creative tasks after brewing period. The synchronization of 伪 waves is accompanied by the synchronization of 伪 waves in the process of completing creative tasks during and after brewing, and different interpolation tasks lead to different changes of 伪 wave energy. Semantic activation diffusion processing can explain the conclusion of this study.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B845
本文编号：2476395
[Abstract]:This study discusses the influence of the characteristics of interpolation tasks in creative thinking on the brewing effect, so as to provide some evidence for explaining the internal mechanism of the brewing effect. Experiment 1 is behavioral research. We compared the effects of the gestation period of four different interpolation tasks on the subsequent creative cognition. Experiment 2 is EEG research. We use EEG 伪 wave ERD/ERS as biomarker to explore the brain mechanism behind the brewing effect, and propose a further explanation for the internal mechanism of creative thinking brewing effect from the perspective of neuroimaging. The hypothesis of experiment 1 is that if the long-distance connection processing caused by interpolation task can really explain the brewing effect, then it can be expected that if the interpolation task promotes the processing of long-distance connection, regardless of the level of cognitive demand, Will play a positive role in the subsequent creative performance. In this experiment, the delayed brewing experiment paradigm was used, and the unconventional task (AUT) was selected as the target task. The interpolation task includes two kinds of experimental tasks, which are reflection on the generated concept (RF condition) and crossword puzzle task (WP condition), both of which have been proved to be able to trigger long-distance connection processing. The two control tasks are typical feature task (OC condition) and word group task (PF condition). Neither of the two tasks can cause remote connection processing. The results showed that both RF and WP tasks could induce significant brewing effect, but neither OC nor PF task could induce significant brewing effect. The results show that the tasks that can trigger long-distance connection processing, regardless of their cognitive level, can play a positive role in creative cognition after gestation. This phenomenon can be explained by the unconscious theory of semantic activation diffusion. Experiment 2 adopted a similar research paradigm and creative task as experiment 1. Considering the homogeneity of tasks in behavioral experiments and the time limit of EEG research, we compared the RF condition with the OC condition (that is, the two conditions that experiment 1 proved to bring the most significant and the least significant). The difference of EEG 伪 wave activity during the completion of AUT task. The results of behavior showed that RF brewing condition had more significant brewing effect than OC brewing condition. EEG results showed that RF brewing period was accompanied by the increase of (ERS), in the high frequency segment of 伪 wave in the left and right prebrain lobe and parietal lobe. However, OC gestation period was accompanied by the decrease of high frequency energy of 伪 wave in the left and right brain. EEG results also found that the RF interpolation task led to the enhancement of 伪 wave activity in the frontal lobe during the subsequent completion of the AUT task. Therefore, the brewing effect in creative thinking task leads to 伪 wave synchronization, and different interpolation tasks lead to different 伪 wave energy changes. Experiment 2 provides direct biological evidence for semantic activation diffusion processing that supports the unconscious brewing effect. Both experiments show that the characteristics of interpolation tasks in creative thinking affect the brewing effect, and the interpolation tasks that lead to long-distance connection processing can play a positive role in creative tasks after brewing period. The synchronization of 伪 waves is accompanied by the synchronization of 伪 waves in the process of completing creative tasks during and after brewing, and different interpolation tasks lead to different changes of 伪 wave energy. Semantic activation diffusion processing can explain the conclusion of this study.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B845
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 李文利，，钱铭怡;状态特质焦虑量表中国大学生常模修订[J];北京大学学报(自然科学版);1995年01期
本文编号：2476395
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/xinlixingwei/2476395.html
