情绪认知的注意依赖性及其神经机制研究

发布时间：2019-07-02 12:43

【摘要】：情绪是复杂的心理生理学现象,其在知觉、记忆、推理、决策和执行控制等认知行为中都起着关键性的作用,因而一直是认知神经科学研究的热点问题。很多研究者使用了眼动追踪、脑电、脑磁以及核磁共振成像等不同实验技术研究情绪与注意的关系,然而目前得出的结论却存在较大的分歧:有部分研究人员发现情绪信息的认知过程是优先且自动化完成的,无需注意成分的参与,甚至还可以在机体无觉知,无意识的状态下发生;而另一部分研究者则发现在缺少注意和意识的情况下根本无法感知到情绪刺激,认为情绪性加工要受到注意资源的制约和调节,其属于控制加工的一种。基于这样的争议,本文采用行为学眼动追踪技术以及双重任务法实验范式对情绪认知是否需要注意的问题进行了深入的分析。本研究要求被试将注意集中在中心任务,以此研究在注意分布较少的外周区域,情绪刺激的识别正确率,观测情绪加工是否能在注意较少的区域发生。同时也可以研究在双重任务的情况下,情绪是否能够和其他刺激并行加工,从更深的层面探讨情绪认知的规律。实验结果发现:情绪认知需要注意成分的参与,但由于情绪刺激具有较高的认知优先级,其认知过程只需要消耗较少的注意资源;当主要任务和次要任务都涉及情绪认知时,被试不能辨别位于外周区域的情绪刺激,说明情绪认知受到注意资源的调控;当主要任务与次要任务不同时,被试却能够很好的辨别同样位于外周的注意缺失区域的情绪刺激,说明情绪信息的加工可以与其他刺激同步并行地处理,且在大脑中可能存在一条特异性的信息传递与处理的通道,用于特异性的处理情绪的相关信息。
[Abstract]:Emotion is a complex psychophysiological phenomenon, which plays a key role in cognitive behavior such as perception, memory, reasoning, decision-making and executive control, so it has always been a hot issue in cognitive neuroscience. Many researchers have used eye movement tracking, EEG, MRI and other experimental techniques to study the relationship between emotion and attention, but the current conclusions are quite different: some researchers found that the cognitive process of emotional information is priority and automatic, does not need to pay attention to the participation of components, and can even occur in the state of unawareness and unconsciousness of the body; Another part of the researchers found that emotional stimulation could not be sensed in the absence of attention and consciousness, and thought that emotional processing should be restricted and regulated by attention resources, which belongs to a kind of controlled processing. Based on this controversy, this paper makes a deep analysis of whether emotional cognition needs attention by using behavioral eye movement tracking technology and dual task experimental paradigm. In this study, the subjects were asked to focus on the central task, in order to study the recognition accuracy of emotional stimuli in the peripheral areas with less attention distribution, and to observe whether emotional processing can occur in less attention areas. At the same time, we can also study whether emotion can be processed in parallel with other stimuli in the case of dual tasks, and explore the law of emotional cognition from a deeper level. The experimental results show that emotional cognition needs the participation of attention components, but because emotional stimulation has a higher cognitive priority, its cognitive process only needs to consume less attention resources. When both the main task and the secondary task involve emotional cognition, the subjects can not distinguish the emotional stimulation located in the peripheral area, indicating that emotional cognition is regulated by attention resources. When the main task is different from the secondary task, the subjects can well identify the emotional stimulation that is also located in the peripheral attention deficit area, indicating that the processing of emotional information can be processed in parallel with other stimuli, and there may be a specific channel of information transmission and processing in the brain, which can be used to specifically process the related information of emotion.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

【相似文献】