《熊》与《怀念狼》的生态主义解读

发布时间：2018-01-02 00:08

本文关键词：《熊》与《怀念狼》的生态主义解读　出处：《西安外国语大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为地方文学的代表作家,威廉·福克纳和贾平凹对工业文明下人类的生存困境都展开过细致描写。两位作家二十世纪末期的代表作《熊》及《怀念狼》迄今仍引起评论家关注。两部小说的重要性不言而喻,然而,系统的生态批评研究,尤其是从文学及文化的角度对熊图腾及狼图腾进行研究者历来寥寥可数。生态批评主义兴起于上世纪九十年代,旨在呼吁反思经济发展过程中出现的环境和生态问题。同时,它强调通过回归人性以自然来解决人类的异化问题。承袭生态问题的思考,福克纳及贾平凹提出在狩猎文明及工业文明交替时期,人类与野生动物均受巨大影响。因此,通过分析文中猎物与猎人彼此抗争又互相保护的生态行为,文章揭示了福克纳及贾平凹共有的生态思想,即保持生态整体性、尊重自然有助于促进人类社会的良性发展。在此基础上,通过分析图腾崇拜对人际关系及伦理道德的正面引导作用,文章旨在突出福克纳与贾平凹对环境问题的一致关切,并尝试提出两部作品均反映了作者希望人与自然和谐共存的生态理想。
[Abstract]:As a representative writer of local literature. William Faulkner and Jia Pingao have both written in detail about the plight of human existence in industrial civilization. The two writers' masterpieces of the end of 20th century, Bear and nostalgia for the Wolf, have attracted the attention of critics up to now. The importance of. However, the systematic study of ecological criticism, especially the study of bear totem and wolf totem from the perspective of literature and culture, has always been few and far between. Eco-criticism began in -10s. At the same time, it emphasizes to solve the problem of human alienation by returning to human nature and inheriting the thinking of ecological problem. Faulkner and Jia Pingao proposed that in the alternate period of hunting civilization and industrial civilization, both human beings and wild animals were greatly affected. This paper reveals the ecological thought shared by Faulkner and Jia Pingao, that is, maintaining ecological integrity and respecting nature will help to promote the healthy development of human society. By analyzing the positive guiding effect of totem worship on interpersonal relations and ethics, this paper aims to highlight the unanimous concern of Faulkner and Jia Pingao on environmental issues. The two works both reflect the author's ecological ideal of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I106.4

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