“平肝类、息风类”中药功效术语英文翻译的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 11:30

本文关键词：“平肝类、息风类”中药功效术语英文翻译的比较研究　出处：《北京中医药大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的中药功效是《中药学》临床用药的经验总结,功效术语英译的质量影响中药事业在国际上的继承、发展与推广,目前功效术语的英译仍存在诸多问题,且系统宏观性的研究近乎空白。本研究以"平肝类、息风类"功效术语为研究对象,结合中药药性理论,对相关功效术语的内涵及其英译进行系统性研究和深入性探讨。通过挖掘功效术语的内涵,以关联翻译理论为指导进行英文翻译的比较研究,从而探讨翻译理论指导下中药功效术语英译的规律和技巧,以期为中药功效术语英译的实践探究一种思路和方法,促进中药学英译学术水平的发展。方法1.总结"平肝类、息风类"术语及英译的研究现状从中医药英译的起源和其经历的翻译历史阶段出发,理清中药学英译研究的内容和脉络。中药功效作为中药众多有关知识点中的核心部分,已经同宏观中医药英译一同步入了新的发展阶段,但现有的功效术语英译研究较少,缺乏系统性研究,且功效英译存在的问题也较多。2.探索指导本研究的翻译理论文章以中药功效术语英译为出发点,在回顾了中医药英译实践和中医药英译理论指导的基础上,发现了中医药英译和翻译理论指导的结合点:隐喻认知和关联。通过中医语言和逻辑特点的分析以及关联翻译理论的指导优势,选择适合中药功效术语英译的翻译理论——关联翻译理论为指导,以探索适合中医药翻译的有关理论。3.挖掘"平肝类、息风类"功效术语的中文内涵首先,通过"平肝"的近义词"镇肝"和相关词语"柔肝",以及"息风"的异性同义词"息风",分别筛查出与此五个词组构成的功效术语;然后,从汉字的词源学角度出发,根据中药药性理论,结合临床用药,判断每个功效术语的药性内涵及功效术语内部词组间的逻辑关系。4.比较研究"平肝类、息风类"功效术语的英译选取权威性较高的八个英译版本,并梳理出"平肝类、息风类"的八个译文,通过对比发现英译存在的具体问题有:冠词使用不规范、逻辑关系不明确、英文内涵表达不精确,最重要的是没有根据药性理论来充分考虑英译的个体化表达。解决这些问题的关键是根据具体语境掌握术语的中文内涵和根据关联翻译理论指导中医翻译。结果通过对"平肝类、息风类"中文功效术语的筛选、整理和内涵的挖掘,以及结合关联理论对其八个英译版本的比较研究可知,"平肝类、息风类"功效术语的中文表述以及其英文翻译两个层面都存在一定的问题。在中文表述上存在的主要问题有:第一,一词多义或多词一义;第二,术语的一致性差,即不同版本表述不同;第三,功效术语的靶向性不明,即从字面上难以直接看出功效所对应的病症或适应症;第四,逻辑关系不明确,即四字格前后两个词组间逻辑关系没有直接表达。分析存在这些问题的原因可能有:中医语言博大精深,呈现多样性;不同历史阶段,对中医解读表述有所差别;中医语言具有隐喻性的特点。在英文翻译上存在的主要问题有:翻译版本多、翻译标准不统一、回译性差、字面翻译取代内涵翻译。分析存在这些问题的原因可能有:中医药翻译尚无统一的翻译规范;中医语言逻辑不明确,译者对同一术语的理解有差异;中药功效术语英译最重要的是,没有根据药性理论来充分考虑英译的个体化表达;译者的专业素养对翻译有很大影响;中医翻译理论尚未确立等。为顺应新阶段中医药英译发展的需求,中医药英译需要追根溯源、结合药性特点细化分析中文内涵,在厘清内涵的前提下,运用恰当的理论依据,再进行英文转化翻译。例如,针对"平肝类、息风类"功效术语的翻译思路为:首先,从词源角度出发,结合病因病机和药物的适应症,细致挖掘功效术语的内涵。其次,根据功效术语内词组的内涵和性质,推敲词组间的逻辑关系。第三,结合具体语境,如药物的药性和作用机制等,确定英文选词。最后,在关联理论的指导下,从认知出发,选择恰当的翻译策略。结论中药功效术语翻译,首先,要把握中医的语言逻辑特点;其次,在百家争鸣的问题上刨根追底,并结合现代临床研究,遵循"性效结合"的学术思想,科学地确定术语的内涵;第三,查找汉英词语的对应性,从英文释义出发,做到语言的最大对应;最后,结合关联理论,解决翻译中存在自相矛盾的问题,有依有据地进行翻译。本研究针对的是"平肝类、息风类"功效术语的翻译,具体的研究思路和方法,有可能存在不可避免的特异性问题;亦有可能以小知大,为其他中医药英译起到抛砖引玉的作用。总之,希望本研究为中医翻译伟大事业贡献微薄力量。
[Abstract]:Objective the efficacy of Chinese medicine is clinical pharmacy in the experience of < >, terms of the effect of translation quality effect of traditional Chinese medicine in the international cause of inheritance, development and promotion of the English translation of the terms of the effect, there are still many problems, and the study of the macro system is almost blank. This study is based on "calming liver wind class class" in terms of the effect as the research object, combined with traditional Chinese medicine theory, the connotation of the relevant terms of the effect of the translation of systematic and in-depth research. The connotation of mining effect of terms, based on relevance translation theory as the guide for English translation comparative study to explore translation rules and skills under the guidance of the efficacy of Chinese medicine English terminology translation, in order to explore a kind of ideas and methods for the translation practice of efficacy of TCM terms, to promote the development of Chinese medicine translation academic level. Methods 1. summary "calming liver wind, study" terminology and translation of the present Like from the origin of the English translation of TCM and its experience of translation history, content and clear the research in pharmaceutical translation. The efficacy of Chinese medicine as a core part of many traditional Chinese medicine related knowledge points in the English translation of traditional Chinese medicine has the same macro step into a new stage of development, but the existing research in English translation terms of the effect, the lack of systematic research, and the effect of translation problems are more.2. to explore the theoretical papers of this study in terms of the effect of translation of Chinese medicine as a starting point, based on reviewing the TCM translation practice and the guidance of TCM English translation theory, found the combination of Chinese medicine and Chinese English translation translation theories: cognitive metaphor and association. By Chinese language and logic analysis as well as the characteristics of relevance translation theory, translation theory for traditional Chinese medicine efficacy term translation -- relevance translation theory Guidance on theory of.3., to explore suitable for the English translation of traditional Chinese medicine "Pinggan, mining wind" effect in terms of Chinese connotation firstly, through the "liver" synonyms "Zhengan" and Related words "liver", and "wind" heterosexual synonyms "interest", respectively. The terms of the effect of composition and the five phrases; then, starting from the etymological Chinese characters, according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, combined with clinical medication, a comparative study of "liver drug like connotation and the terms of the effect of each phrase internal logical relations between the terms of the effect of the.4., the eight versions of English translation of Xifeng class" in terms of the effect of the selection of a higher authority, and sort out the "flat liver eight, the wind", through the comparison of specific translation are: the use of articles is not standardized, the logical relationship is not clear, English meaning of the expression is not accurate, the most important thing is not according to the property theory To fully consider the expression of the English translation of the individual. The key to solving these problems is based on the specific context in terms of Chinese master connotation and translation of traditional Chinese medicine under the guidance of relevance translation theory. Results of "Pinggan Xifeng screening," Chinese efficacy term, finishing and connotation of mining, and combined with the comparative research on their eight English versions of the relevance theory, flat liver, Chinese expression of wind "and its translation in terms of the effect of English two aspects, there are some problems. The main problems existing in the Chinese expression are: first, first word meaning or multi word meaning; second, the difference in terms of consistency that is, different versions of different expression; third, targeting the unknown term efficacy, that is literally difficult to directly see the corresponding effect of illness or indications; fourth, logical relationship is not clear, namely before and after the four character phrases two no logical relationship between Direct expression. Analysis of the reasons for these problems may include: Chinese language diversity; broad and profound, different historical stages of Chinese interpretation of expression are different; the characteristics of traditional Chinese language is metaphorical. Main problems in English translation are: translation, translation standard is not unified, back translation is poor, literally replace the connotation of translation. Translation analysis of the reasons for these problems may include: there is no uniform translation norms of English translation of traditional Chinese medicine; Chinese language logic is not clear, the translator's understanding of the same term is the difference; English translation of traditional Chinese medicine efficacy is not the most important, according to the property theory to fully consider the expression of the English translation of the individual; the translator's professional quality has a great influence on translation; translation theory has not yet been established. In order to adapt to the new stage of Chinese English translation of Chinese medicine development needs of TCM English translation need to trace source, combined with the specific resistance Some detailed analysis of Chinese connotation, in clarifying the connotation, the use of appropriate theoretical basis, and then English into translation. For example, the "calming liver wind, translation ideas" terms of the effect is as follows: firstly, starting from the perspective of etymology, combined with the pathogenesis and drug indications, the detailed connotation of mining terms of the effect. Secondly, according to the connotation and nature in terms of the effect of the phrase, the logical relationship between the phrase scrutiny. Third, combined with the specific context, such as drug resistance and mechanism, determine the English words. Finally, in under the guidance of relevance theory, from the cognitive perspective, choose appropriate translation strategies. The conclusion of traditional Chinese medicine effect of terminology translation, first, to grasp the logic of language characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine; secondly, the problem might be chasing the contention of a hundred schools of thought, and combined with modern clinical research, follow the "effect of combination of" academic thought, scientifically determine the connotation of the third term, To find the corresponding Chinese English words, starting from the definition of English, maximize the corresponding language; finally, combining with the relevance theory, solve the contradictory problems in translation, have according to the evidence of translation. This study is aimed at "calming liver wind," effect of terminology translation, specific ideas and research methods, there may exist inevitable specific problems; also possible to know in order to provide a reference for the translation of other Chinese medicine. In short, I hope this study for Chinese translation great contributions.

【学位授予单位】：北京中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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