安徽白鹭洲战国墓出土漆甲回软方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 04:46

  本文关键词： 漆甲 漆膜回软 回软机理研究　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是漆树的原产国,我们的祖先在新石器时代就开始收割、使用生漆。在漫长的发展过程中,先民不断提高漆器制作技术,创造了光辉灿烂的漆文化。安徽省六安市白鹭洲战国墓M585出土了一批漆甲片,整体保存较好,数量较多,制作精美,具有极高的历史价值、科学价值和艺术价值,为研究这一时期军事、技术、文化提供了宝贵的实物资料,并为墓主人身份判定提供一定的依据。但是漆甲片存在脆化、裂隙、变形等病害,需要对其进行保护修复,而漆膜的回软技术是保护的关键部分。前人的研究中,对漆膜回软药品浓度、回软温度、回软时间等条件的选择主要是依靠经验,而未有一个科学的筛选。特别是在漆膜回软机理方面,研究者只做了漆膜回软前后结构的对比研究,而未对其回软过程进行具体分析。本论文主要进行以下工作:首先分析甲片的保存状况、存在病害;其次,通过超景深显微观察、扫描电镜观察、红外光谱等手段对出土漆甲的制作材料、工艺进行分析,为漆甲的保护修复工作、回软机理研究提供依据;再次,通过实验对漆甲回软条件进行科学筛选,得到回软漆甲的最适条件;最后通过扫描电镜观察、红外光谱分析、热重等微观分析手段对不同回软时间的漆甲进行检测,探讨漆膜的软化机理。通过以上研究筛选出白鹭洲战国墓出土漆甲的最佳回软条件,即:回软试剂为70%的1,2-丙二醇、回软温度100℃、回软时间24h。同时得到该条件下漆膜回软的微观机理:漆膜在回软过程中,发生物理溶胀和化学溶胀作用,发生物理溶胀的过程中,1,2-丙二醇充填到漆膜大分子间隙中,增大了漆膜大分子间的距离,降低了漆膜分子间作用力和氢键作用力,造成漆膜内部应力下降;而化学溶胀的过程中,漆膜内部分子链发生断裂,降低漆膜结构的整体性,使漆膜内部应力下降,从而达到软化漆膜的效果。
[Abstract]:China is the country of origin of lacquer trees. Our ancestors began harvesting and using raw lacquer in the Neolithic Age. It has created a splendid lacquer culture. A number of lacquer nail pieces were unearthed from the tomb M585 of Bai Luzhou warring States Tomb in Lu'an City, Anhui Province. The overall preservation is good, the quantity is large, the production is exquisite, and it has extremely high historical value, scientific value and artistic value. In order to study the military, technology and culture of this period, it provides valuable material data and provides some basis for the identification of the owner of the tomb. However, the lacquer nail pieces have some diseases, such as embrittlement, fissure, deformation and so on, which need to be protected and repaired. In previous studies, the selection of the concentration, temperature and time of the soft film is mainly based on experience. But there is no scientific screening. Especially in the mechanism of film softening, researchers have only done a comparative study of the structure of the film before and after softening. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the preservation status of A piece is analyzed, there are diseases; secondly, by means of the observation of depth of field, scanning electron microscope, Infrared spectroscopy and other means of unearthed lacquer materials, technology analysis, for the protection of the restoration of paint, soft mechanism of research; thirdly, through experiments on the soft conditions of the scientific screening, Finally, the optimum conditions were obtained by means of scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and other micro-analysis methods to detect the varnish with different softening time. The softening mechanism of paint film was discussed. Through the above studies, the optimum soft conditions for the unearthed lacquer armor unearthed in the warring States Tomb of Bailizhou were selected, that is, the softening reagent was 1 ~ (2) -propanediol (70%), and the softening temperature was 100 鈩，

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