不同情绪体验下依恋风格对情绪面孔注意偏向的影响

发布时间：2018-03-03 15:12

本文选题：依恋风格　切入点：情绪面孔　出处：《鲁东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：个体在社会化过程中,会面临并处理种类多样的情绪性信息,而依恋风格类型对此类信息的认知加工起着重要作用,并影响着个体对外界的知觉偏见、期望和行为归因等一系列认知表征。而依恋风格是个体与抚养者之间形成早期依恋关系的基础上,再逐渐与他人建立起长久、持续而紧密的系统性情感行为模式,又称内部工作模式。随着成人依恋风格和情绪性信息加工的相关研究兴起以来,许多研究者都把关注点集中在不同依恋风格者如何调节个体的情绪和行为上面,却忽视了个体如何感知及加工与依恋相关的情绪信息,对于以注意、记忆、识别、知觉等认知加工的基础心理过程在依恋领域的研究还处于不断发展的阶段。研究旨在探讨在不同情绪体验状态下,不同依恋风格对于情绪面孔的注意偏向及其内在机制的影响,研究采用亲密关系经历量表(ECR)来划分被试依恋类型,划分标准为根据其在依恋回避和依恋焦虑维度上的得分高低,来划分被试的依恋风格类型。同时采用线索提示范式来研究被试在不同情绪激活体验之下,对情绪面孔的注意偏向。具体实验设计如下:实验一研究不同依恋类型者在中性情绪启动之下对不同类型情绪面孔图片的注意偏向及其机制,采用4(依恋类型)×3(情绪面孔类型)×2(线索类型)三因素混合实验设计,其中依恋类型为被试间变量,包括安全型、焦虑型、回避型和恐惧型四种;情绪面孔类型为被试内变量,包括积极情绪面孔、中性情绪面孔、消极情绪面孔三种类型;线索类型为被试内变量,包括有效线索和无效线索两种,因变量为被试对靶刺激“E”位置的反应时。实验二和实验三以相同的实验设计和实验任务,采用不同的情绪启动材料分别启动被试的积极情绪状态和消极消极情绪状态,以研究在积极和消极情绪体验下,不同依恋类型个体对于不同情绪面孔图片的注意偏向及其机制。研究结论如下:(1)安全型依恋个体在中性和积极情绪体验之下,对情绪面孔未产生注意偏向,而在消极情绪状态下,则表现出对消极情绪面孔的注意回避偏向。(2)恐惧型依恋个体在中性情绪体验下,对积极情绪面孔产生注意回避倾向;在积极情绪状态下,对积极情绪面孔产生注意警觉偏向;在消极情绪状态下未表现出注意偏向特征。(3)焦虑型依恋个体在中性情绪状态之下,对消极情绪面孔呈现出注意回避倾向;在积极情绪激活状态下,其对积极情绪面孔表现出注意警觉特征;在消极情绪激活状态之下,对积极和消极情绪面孔皆产生了注意维持倾向。(4)回避型依恋个体在中性情绪状态下,对积极情绪面孔产生了注意回避倾向;在积极情绪激活状态下,对于三种情绪面孔皆未产生注意偏向;而在消极情绪情境中,对积极情绪面孔产生了注意维持倾向。
[Abstract]:In the process of socialization, individuals will face and deal with a variety of emotional information, and attachment styles play an important role in the cognitive processing of such information, and affect the perception bias of individuals towards the outside world. Expectation and behavioral attribution are a series of cognitive representations. Attachment style is based on the early attachment relationship between the individual and the dependant, and then gradually establishes a long-term, continuous and close systematic emotional behavior model with others. With the rise of research on adult attachment styles and emotional information processing, many researchers have focused on how people with different attachment styles regulate their emotions and behaviors. But ignore how individuals perceive and process attachment related emotional information, for attention, memory, recognition, The basic psychological process of cognitive processing, such as perception, is still in the developing stage in the field of attachment. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different attachment styles on emotional face attention bias and its intrinsic mechanism under different emotional experience states. In this study, we used ECR to classify the attachment types of the subjects according to their scores in the dimensions of attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. At the same time, using cue-cue paradigm to study the subjects under different emotional activation experience, The specific design of the experiment is as follows: the first experiment studied the attention bias and its mechanism of different attachment types to the pictures of different emotional faces under the neutral emotion initiation. Four (attachment type) 脳 3 (emotional face type) 脳 2 (cue-type) three-factor experimental design was used, in which attachment type was inter-subjects variable, including safety type, anxiety type, avoidance type and fear type, and emotional face type was internal variable. There are three types of positive emotional faces, neutral emotional faces and negative emotional faces, and the cues are internal variables, including valid cues and invalid cues. The dependent variable was the reaction of the subjects to the "E" position of the target stimulation. Experiment 2 and experiment 3 used the same experimental design and task to activate the positive and negative emotional states of the subjects using different emotional priming materials, respectively. In order to study the attention bias of different attachment types to different emotional face pictures and its mechanism under positive and negative emotional experience, the study concluded as follows: 1) under neutral and positive emotional experience, the security attachment individual. There is no attention bias towards emotional faces, but in negative emotional state, the attention-avoidance bias of negative emotional faces is shown. 2) under the neutral emotional experience, the individual attachment of fear type produces attention-avoidance tendency to positive emotional faces. In the positive emotional state, attention alert bias was produced to the positive emotional face, while in the negative emotional state, it did not show the attention bias characteristic. 3) the anxious attachment individual was in the neutral emotional state. Negative emotional face showed attention-avoidance tendency; in the active state of positive emotion, it showed the characteristics of attention alert to the positive emotional face; in the passive emotional activation state, For both positive and negative emotional faces, both positive and negative emotional faces have the tendency of attention maintenance. 4) in neutral emotional state, in neutral emotional state, in positive emotional face, the individual has attention-avoidance tendency, and in active state of positive emotion, there is a tendency of attention-avoidance to positive emotional face. For the three emotional faces, there was no attention bias, while in the negative emotional situation, the positive emotional faces had a tendency of attention maintenance.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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