近代崂山道教与地方社会研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 12:10

本文选题：崂山道教　切入点：近代　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：位于青岛的崂山道教曾于明清时期辉煌兴盛了数百年,在中国道教中占有重要地位。时至清末,由于清政府统治的颠覆,传统崂山道教失去了政治保护,加之其他社会因素的冲击和崂山道士自身素质的下降,崂山道教开始走向衰落。但细究其过程,却发现崂山道教的衰落并非趋于消亡,而是走上了一条世俗化、民间化的持续发展道路。通过与民间信仰与世俗生活的融合寻求生存发展之机,并成功地获得了地方认同感。本文第一部分从历史地理的角度探究崂山道教的分布及选址原因,以及在近代的发展状况。考虑到青岛地区近代历史的特殊性,特分阶段对这一时期的崂山道教做了讨论。由于政治地位的丧失和崂山道士自身素质下降等诸多因素,崂山道教在近代总体呈现衰退趋势。从清朝末期到德占时期再到民国统治时期,崂山道教经历了一个曲折的发展过程,可见,安定的社会环境也是道教平稳发展的重要因素。第二部分从经济角度出发,研究近代崂山道教与地方社会的关系。这种关系主要表现为土地租佃关系以及民道之间持续不断的庙产纠纷。崂山道教明清繁盛时期积累了丰厚的实力,至于近代,这种经济优势依然没有丧失。崂山地产实力雄厚的道观把大部分土地租赁给当地的百姓,与当地百姓形成租佃雇佣关系。但也因为崂山道教经济势力的不断扩张,造成民道土地严重不均,以及民道对道观财产的觊觎,都导致民道纠纷问题不断,典型的有太清宫的"伐山事件",石门庙主人之争和常在庵庙产之争。第三部分从信仰文化的角度探究崂山道教与地方社会文化的相互影响。崂山道教本身在发展的过程中也在不断吸纳地方社会的民间信仰,世俗性渐浓。崂山道教通过村庙、脚庙等外延建筑深入民间世俗社会,定期举行的庙会也成为道教文化与世俗文化相互融合的舞台。道教庙会所具有的宗教功能、娱乐功能、商业功能等等,都对地方社会产生了重要的作用,也充分体现了崂山道教在近代的世俗化与民间化特征。
[Abstract]:Laoshan Taoism, which is located in Qingdao, had flourished for hundreds of years in Ming and Qing dynasties, and occupied an important position in Chinese Taoism. By the end of Qing Dynasty, the traditional Laoshan Taoism lost political protection because of the subversion of Qing government rule. In addition, the impact of other social factors and the decline of Taoist quality in Laoshan, Laoshan Taoism began to decline. However, a careful study of the process showed that the decline of Laoshan Taoism did not tend to die out, but became a secularization. Through the fusion of folk belief and secular life, we seek the opportunity of survival and development, and have successfully gained the local identity. The first part of this paper explores the distribution and location of Laoshan Taoism from the historical and geographical point of view. And its development in modern times. Considering the particularity of the modern history of Qingdao, the Laoshan Taoism in this period was specially discussed in stages. Due to the loss of political status and the decline in the quality of Taoist Taoists in Laoshan, Laoshan Taoism showed a general declining trend in modern times. From the late Qing Dynasty to the period of German occupation and then to the period of the Republic of China, Laoshan Taoism experienced a tortuous process of development. A stable social environment is also an important factor for the steady development of Taoism. To study the relationship between Laoshan Taoism and local society in modern times. This relationship is mainly manifested in the land tenancy relationship and the continuous temple disputes between the people and Taoists. Laoshan Taoism accumulated abundant strength during the prosperous period of Ming and Qing dynasties, but in modern times, This economic advantage has not been lost. Laoshan's powerful Taoist temple leases most of its land to local people and forms a tenancy and employment relationship with the local people. But it is also due to the growing economic power of Laoshan Taoism. This has led to a serious imbalance of land between the people and the road, as well as the coveting of Taoist temple property by the people's Road, which has led to a constant dispute between the people and the roads. The third part explores the interaction between Laoshan Taoism and local social culture from the angle of belief culture. Laoshan Taoism itself is developing. In the process of absorbing the folk beliefs of the local society, Laoshan Taoism goes deep into the folk and secular society through the extension of village temple, foot temple and so on, and the temple fair held regularly also becomes the stage where Taoist culture and secular culture merge together. The Taoist temple fair has the religious function and entertainment function. The commercial function and so on have produced the important function to the local society, also has fully manifested the Laoshan Taoism in the modern times secularization and the folk transformation characteristic.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B959

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