复合趋向动词“下去”的对外汉语教学研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 18:06

本文选题：对外汉语　切入点：趋向动词　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：趋向动词是汉语中一个封闭的词类,它虽然数量有限但在现代汉语中的地位却举足轻重,其在对外汉语教学中亦是一个重难点。复合趋向动词“下去”因意义丰富、使用规则复杂,成为了对外汉语教学中学习者较难掌握的一个趋向动词,本文对复合趋向动词“下去”的性质以及对外汉语教学情况进行了较为深入的研究,为复合趋向动词“下去”的对外汉语教学提供了一些可供参考的思路。本文共分为五个部分。第一部分绪论对趋向动词及复合趋向动词“下去”本体和对外汉语教学两方面的相关研究进行了综述,指出了以往研究的不足之处。第二部分从本体出发,对“下去”的词性进行了界定,并从句法、语义及辨析三个方面对其进行了探讨,具体涉及到了趋向动词“下去”作动词补语时对动词的选择问题、在包含趋向动词“下去”的句子中宾语的位置问题、趋向动词“下去”的语义问题以及“下去”与其近义词的辨析问题等方面。第三部分文章结合对外汉语教学,对北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库中学习者使用趋向动词“下去”的情况进行了研究,找出了学习者使用趋向动词“下去”时易出现的偏误类型,主要有趋向动词“下去”偏误、其他动词偏误和宾语位置偏误三大类,每一大类下面又细分为若干小类,结合对偏误类型的分析,进而对学习者学习“下去”产生偏误的原因进行了研究,认为学习者出现偏误的主要原因是知识点“下去”本身的难度和学习者目的语知识的负迁移,同时学习者母语的负迁移、教学者的影响、学习环境的影响等也是学习者产生偏误的原因。第四部分结合对“下去”本体和对外汉语教学两方面的研究,对“下去”的对外汉语教学提出了一些教学建议,包括从宏观上提出的六点教学策略和从微观上对具体知识点的教学提出的四条可供参考的教学方法。第五部分结语对本文的研究进行了简要的总结并指出了本文的不足之处。希望本文的研究能对复合趋向动词“下去”的对外汉语教学提供一些帮助,并为其他趋向动词的对外汉语教学研究提供一些思路。
[Abstract]:The directional verb is a closed lexical category in Chinese, although it is limited but in the modern Chinese position is important, it is also a difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Compound directional verb "down" because of abundant meaning and rules of use is complex, has become a trend of foreign language teaching in verb learning are more difficult to grasp, this paper deeply studied the properties of compound directional verb "down" and teaching Chinese as a foreign language, provide some reference ideas for teaching Chinese as a foreign language compound directional verb "down". This paper is divided into five parts. The related research on directional verbs and compound directional verb "down" ontology and teaching Chinese as a foreign language in two aspects of the introduction of the first part is summarized, points out the shortcomings of previous studies. The second part from the main body of the "down" words Are defined, and from the three aspects of syntax, semantic analysis and discusses the concrete relates to the directional verb "down" as a verb complement of the verb selection problem in the position of the verb "contain the trend down" in the sentence, the semantic problem of directional verb "down" "go down" and its near synonyms problems. In the third part, combining with teaching Chinese as a foreign language, was studied using the directional verb "down" to study at the Beijing Language and Culture University HSK dynamic composition corpus, find out the error types of learners use directional verb "down" to the main verbs "go down" error, other verb errors and object position errors of three categories, each category is subdivided into the following several categories, based on the analysis of the types of errors, and on learning "Down" the causes of the errors are studied, the main reason that learner errors is knowledge of "down" itself and the difficulty of learning the target language negative transfer of knowledge, the negative transfer of learners' mother tongue at the same time, the effect of teaching, the cause of the errors of learning environment is learners. Research on "down" ontology and teaching Chinese as a foreign language in two aspects of the combination of the fourth part, foreign language teaching "go down" to put forward some suggestions, including six points from the macroscopic teaching strategy and put forward to the specific knowledge of teaching from the micro four available teaching methods the study in this paper. The fifth part makes a brief summary and points out the shortcomings of this paper. I hope this study can provide some help for teaching Chinese as a foreign language compound directional verb "down", It also provides some ideas for the study of other directional verbs in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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