论马克思的自由时间思想及其在当代的价值

发布时间：2018-03-19 16:22

本文选题：自由时间　切入点：劳动时间　出处：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：历来,时间对人类的生存和发展有着重要的现实意义,作为人类所关注的重要问题一直困扰着人类,人们试图通过它的变化和发展阐释其思想内涵,为此很多哲学家付出了大量的时间与心血对此进行探索研究。例如,亚里士多德、康德、黑格尔等哲学家都拥有自己独特的时间观点。其中马克思的时间观的形成和发展对确定其自由时间观念的思想内涵有着积极的促进作用。马克思的时间观还涉及到劳动时间,他认为劳动时间作为必不可少的时间是人生存与发展的基础,而且也是社会前进发展的重要推动力量。马克思的自由时间思想是在继承与批判前人的思想下所产生的,他以实现人的发展作为起始点,通过把人类生产所需花费的生产时间作为一个视角来解释和概括自由时间的内涵,从而揭示了自由时间的真正内涵。自由时间的真正内涵即为真正属于人们的时间,人们在自由时间中可以充分地发挥自我。艺术和科学也是在自由时间作为背景的前提下才得以产生的。马克思的自由时间思想的提出离不开他当时的生活背景和时代背景。当时的资本主义社会存在着残酷的剥削现象,因此马克思通过深层次地研究劳动时间及其所包含的必要劳动时间和剩余劳动时间等核心概念,揭示了作为促进社会发展和人自由全面发展的自由时间的重要作用。当劳动者的自由时间被资本家所占有时,马克思对资本家进行了深刻批判,他尝试着提出一些理论改变现状,比如不再剥削劳动者的自由时间、找出提升劳动生产率的方法、促进生产力的发展等许多途径,能够看出马克思为解决外在客观世界中的问题,提出了一系列指导思想。从这一角度出发必须认识到社会的发展是由自由时间所推动的,现代社会中人类在遭遇困难后的改善及社会的和谐发展也都离不开自由时间的推动。因此,可以看到自由时间无论是在理论思想指导上,还是对当代社会的现实意义上都有着非常重要的作用。
[Abstract]:Historically, time has important practical significance for the survival and development of mankind. As an important issue of human concern, people try to explain its ideological connotation through its change and development. For this many philosophers have devoted a great deal of time and effort to exploring and studying it. For example, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel and other philosophers all have their own unique view of time. The formation and development of Marx's view of time has a positive effect on determining the ideological connotation of his concept of free time. He holds that labor time as an indispensable time is the basis of man's existence and development, and it is also an important driving force for the development of society. Marx's thought of free time came into being under the thought of inheriting and criticizing the predecessors. He takes the realization of human development as the starting point and explains and generalizes the connotation of free time by using the productive time that human beings spend in production as a visual angle. It reveals the true meaning of free time. The real meaning of free time is the time that belongs to people. People can give full play to themselves in free time. Art and science are also produced under the background of free time. Marx's thought of free time can not be separated from his background of life and life. The background of the times. There was cruel exploitation in the capitalist society at that time. Therefore, Marx studied the core concepts of labor time and necessary labor time and surplus labor time deeply. It reveals the important role of free time, which promotes the development of society and the free and all-round development of human beings. When the free time of the laborer is sometimes occupied by the capitalists, Marx criticizes the capitalist deeply. He tried to put forward some theories to change the status quo, such as no longer exploiting workers' free time, finding ways to increase labor productivity, promoting productivity, and so on. It can be seen that Marx put forward a series of guiding thoughts in order to solve the problems in the external and objective world. From this perspective, we must realize that the development of society is driven by free time. In modern society, the improvement of human beings after encountering difficulties and the harmonious development of society can not be separated from the promotion of free time. Still have very important function to the realistic meaning of contemporary society.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B025.9

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