牟宗三《圆善论》思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 04:04

本文选题：圆善论　切入点：最高善　出处：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：牟宗三先生晚年很重要的著作《圆善论》是中国哲学史上唯一一部专述德福关系的著作,是牟宗三先生运用其道德形上学理论,哲学化地建立中国哲学之德福关系的理论成果。同时援西学入儒学,从康德的道德观与儒家仁的思想对比分析入手,主要在中国哲学的体系中,解决德福关系问题。牟宗三先生从康德道德体系中引进了圆善问题,但他并不满意康德的论证,康德设定上帝的存在为保障,来解决圆善问题,牟宗三对此表示反对,在牟宗三看来,上帝只是一个理论设定,是一种信仰,但不具备现实可能性,不具备实体化、人格化,不能把圆善的根据寄托在它身上。从哲学系统来看,中国哲学长期以来以“经学”、“子学”的形式存在,探讨的是“天道”与“人道”的关系问题,中国哲学一开始就关注生命的学问,因此一系开出对自由和道德的探讨,因此中国的哲学是具有道德理性的。中国哲学中,儒释道并不讲上帝,但依然可以解决圆善问题,如何发掘其中的智慧,是牟宗三先生写《圆善论》的一大动因。牟宗三先生意识到,康德的圆善问题以基督教作为背景,但在儒学发展过程中,遇到的德福关系问题,不能设定某种超验的力量来解决。牟宗三以人都可以呈现的创生性的无限智心来消解康德的三大设准,而后会通中西,分判儒释道三教,最后归宗于儒,通过“诡谲的相即”将德福关系回归到人本心上,重建德福一致的理论体系。
[Abstract]:Mou Zongsan's most important work in his later years, "Yuanshan Theory", is the only one in the history of Chinese philosophy that deals exclusively with the relationship between virtue and welfare. It is the theoretical result of Mr. Mou Zongsan using his moral metaphysics theory to establish philosophically the relationship between morality and welfare in Chinese philosophy.At the same time, through the comparative analysis of Kant's morality and Confucian benevolence, the relationship between virtue and welfare is solved in the system of Chinese philosophy.Mr. Mou Zongsan introduced the question of round goodness from Kant's moral system, but he was not satisfied with Kant's argument. Kant set the existence of God as a safeguard to solve the problem of the round good. Mou Zongsan objected to this. In the view of Mou Zongsan,God is only a theoretical setting, is a belief, but does not have the realistic possibility, does not have the entity, the personification, cannot place on it the round good basis.From the philosophical system point of view, Chinese philosophy has long existed in the form of "Confucian classics" and "sub-learning". What is discussed is the relationship between "Heaven Tao" and "humanity". Chinese philosophy has paid attention to the knowledge of life from the very beginning.Therefore, the Chinese philosophy has moral rationality.In Chinese philosophy, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism do not speak of God, but they can still solve the problem of round goodness. How to discover the wisdom among them is one of the major motivations for Mr. Mou Zongsan to write the Theory of the Round good.Mou Zongsan realized that Kant's problem of round goodness was based on Christianity, but in the process of Confucianism development, the problem of the relationship between virtue and welfare could not be solved by some transcendental force.Mou Zongsan dispels Kant's three major criteria with the creative infinite wisdom that can be presented by human beings. He then passes through the West and the West, divides Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism into three religions, and finally goes to Confucianism and returns the relationship between virtue and welfare to the heart of the people through the "treacherous phase".Reconstructing the theoretical system of Defoe consensus.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B261

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