北魏九卿职官选任和迁转问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 01:28

本文选题：北魏　切入点：九卿　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：秦汉以后,中古时期是我国古代史的重要组成部分,北魏王朝更是中古时期不可忽视的重要元素,北魏王朝的中央职官制度,上承秦汉三公九卿制度、下启隋唐三省六部制度,是中国古代职官制度发展不可忽视的过渡时期。而九卿作为中央职官的重要组成部分,职权广泛、位置重要,自秦汉以来就具有极其重要的地位。本文即从北魏时期的九卿入手,着重研究北魏时期的九卿官员群体,从而总结出北魏时期九卿制度的特点,对其进行重点论述。第一章简述北魏九卿职官的设置与演变。本章根据文献记载,先对北魏时期九卿职官设置情况进行溯源,北魏时期九卿职官设置继承自秦汉魏晋时期,但随着时间流逝,中央职官制度的演变,两者九卿具体职官设置又有明显的不同。并且,北魏时期作为秦汉魏晋和隋唐时期的过渡时段,中央职官制度正处于从秦汉魏晋的三公九卿制度向隋唐时期三省六部制度的转变期,北魏九卿职官也随之产生了相应的演变:即九卿职官职能改变,职权缩减,被其他新增部门如尚书台等侵夺。第二章考证北魏九卿职官的选任情况。首先,本章以统计资料为基础,从两个方面对北魏九卿职官的选任进行考察。一方面为九卿官员任职九卿前的情况,主要为任职地方为地方长官、任职中央为中央官员和其他情况三种。另一方面从北魏九卿官员的政治身份入手,主要有汉族士人、皇族、胡族勋贵、外戚、宦官等几种身份。最后,在前两节的基础上,对北魏九卿职官的职位要求进行分析。通过对这三方面的考察,对北魏时期九卿官员的选任,有较为深入的了解。第三章分析北魏时期九卿官员的迁转情况。北魏时期担任九卿官职的官员群体,是由形形色色、性格各异的活生生的人组成,而不只是代表官职的符号。因此,在担任九卿职官后,官员的迁转情况也有所不同。在卸任九卿官员后,有的官员出镇地方,成为地方长官,有的继续留任中央,成为其他部门或者更高等级的中央实职官员,有的转任武职,领兵出征。
[Abstract]:After the Qin and Han dynasties, the Middle Ancient period was an important part of the ancient history of our country, and the Northern Wei Dynasty was an important element that could not be ignored in the Middle Ancient period. The central official system of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which inherited the Qin and Han Dynasty's three public and nine Qing systems, and the following six systems of the three provinces in the Sui and Tang dynasties,It is a transitional period in which the development of the official system in ancient China can not be ignored.As an important part of the central government, Jiuqing has a very important position since the Qin and Han dynasties.This article starts with Jiuqing in the Northern Wei Dynasty, focuses on the group of Jiuqing officials in the Northern Wei Dynasty, sums up the characteristics of the Jiuqing system in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and focuses on its exposition.The first chapter briefly describes the establishment and evolution of the Northern Wei Dynasty Jiuqing official.According to the literature records, this chapter first traces the origin of the establishment of the Jiuqing official in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which inherited from the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin dynasties, but with the passage of time, the central official system evolved.There are obvious differences between them.Moreover, as the transitional period of Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Sui and Tang dynasties, the central official system is in the transition period from the three public and nine Qing systems of the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin dynasties to the three provinces and six departments in the Sui and Tang dynasties.The Northern Wei Jiuqing official also produced corresponding evolution: that is, the function of Jiuqing official changed, the power was reduced, and was invaded by other new departments such as Shangshu Taiwan.The second chapter examines the selection and appointment of nine officials in the Northern Wei Dynasty.First of all, based on statistics, this chapter investigates the election and appointment of Jiuqing officials in Northern Wei Dynasty from two aspects.On the one hand, there are three kinds of situations before the appointment of the nine-secretary officials, mainly the local officials, the central officials and other situations.On the other hand, starting with the political status of Jiuqing officials in the Northern Wei Dynasty, there are several kinds of status, such as Han scholars, royalty, Hu nationality Xungui, foreign relatives, eunuchs and so on.Finally, on the basis of the first two sections, the position requirements of the Northern Wei Dynasty were analyzed.Through the investigation of these three aspects, there is a deeper understanding of the election and appointment of Jiuqing officials in the Northern Wei Dynasty.The third chapter analyzes the transfer of Jiuqing officials in the Northern Wei Dynasty.In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the official group of Jiuqing officials was made up of all kinds of people with different characters, not just the symbols of the official posts.As a result, after serving as the official, the transfer of officials is also different.After stepping down, some officials left town to become local governors, some stayed in the central government and became real officials of other departments or higher levels of the central government, some of them transferred to military posts and led the troops to set out for duty.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K239.21

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