试论《红楼梦》的叙事艺术及主题寓意

发布时间：2018-04-10 00:06

本文选题：《红楼梦》　切入点：叙事学　出处：《四川外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以西方叙事学为理论依据,从《红楼梦》的叙述分层情况、跨层带来的“镜面”效果、各叙述层的叙述、主叙述层的叙述者与聚焦者的关系以及不可靠的叙述者与其与隐含作者的关系等几个方面入手来探讨《红楼梦》的叙事策略。通过对上述叙事策略的分析研究,本文将得出这样的结论,不同于其他寓意文学中寓意展现出的明确的由“不完美”指向“完美”的方向性,《红楼梦》不仅消解了那些原本以二元对立关系存在的价值的对立关系,而且也消除了这些对立价值呈现出的“不完美”和“完美”的倾向,从而也否定了寓意的单方向性,展现出一种无方向的寓意。第一章,从《红楼梦》的叙述分层和跨层情况分析由叙述分层和跨层带来的“镜面”效果,并结合传统的“悟道”模式和“思凡”模式对作品寓意进行解读。在叙述分层方面,一是通过对叙述分层理论进行梳理,二是通过对《红楼梦》中烟云之笔的考察,探讨造成了《红楼梦》叙述分层难以确定的原因及其带来的结果。在叙述跨层方面,一是从《红楼梦》中出现的跨层情况入手,二是通过对跨层带来的“镜面”效果的阐释,探讨《红楼梦》的叙述分层和跨层造成的各层人物平等对话,各叙述分层亦真亦假的艺术效果。最后,分别以“悟道”模式和“思凡”模式对作品进行分析与阐释,探讨《红楼梦》在与这两种文学模式的对应中展现出的互为所指又相互悖离的价值。第二章,从叙述者和聚焦者两个方面探讨《红楼梦》的叙述者身份,并借由叙述者与聚焦者的关系分析作品中“情”与“欲”相互包容的关系。首先,通过对西方叙事学中叙述者理论的梳理弄清真实作者、隐含作者、叙述者、叙述接受者、隐含读者、真实读者之间的区别与联系;其次,则对《红楼梦》中不同叙述层的叙述者进行分析整理,并通过对文本证据的分析确定《红楼梦》主层叙述者的身份;接着,从叙述者与聚焦者入手,探讨《红楼梦》中叙述视角的转换问题;最后,通过叙述者和聚焦者各自的身份探讨作品中展现的“情”与“欲”不可分割,相互包容的关系。第三章,从隐含作者、不可靠叙述者和叙述中的反讽入手,探讨《红楼梦》的叙述者态度与隐含作者态度的关系及隐含作者的态度与寓意之意的关系,并依此检视《红楼梦》中对“真”与“假”的态度。首先,通过对西方叙事学中隐含作者的理论进行整理,探讨《红楼梦》中存在价值取向的可能性;其次,考察《红楼梦》中叙述者的可靠性和是否存在反讽效果;最后,通过叙述者的态度和隐含作者的态度探讨作品中“真”“假”的深层含义和两者相互交融,不分褒贬。最后,在结论部分,根据三个章节各自体现的《红楼梦》通过展现看似对立的价值彼此相互交织、交融、包容的关系消解的对立,总结出《红楼梦》寓意中体现出的中华文化独有的而是二元共济,相依并存关系。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of western narratology, from the narrative stratification of A Dream of Red Mansions, the cross-layer "mirror" effect, the narration of each narrative layer,This paper discusses the narrative strategies of A Dream of Red Mansions from several aspects, such as the relationship between the narrator and the focuser in the main narrative layer and the relationship between the unreliable narrator and the implied author.Through the analysis of the above narrative strategies, this paper will draw such a conclusion,Unlike the clear directionality of "imperfections" to "perfection" in other moral literature, Dream of Red Mansions not only dispels the antagonistic relationships of values that originally existed in dualistic opposites,It also eliminates the tendency of "imperfection" and "perfection" presented by these opposing values, thus negating the unidirectionality of moral and showing a kind of moral without direction.The first chapter analyzes the "mirror" effect from the narrative stratification and cross-layer situation of A Dream of Red Mansions, and interprets the implication of the works in combination with the traditional mode of "savvy Tao" and "Sifan" mode.In the aspect of narrative stratification, one is to sort out the theory of narrative stratification, the other is to explore the causes and the results of the difficult stratification of narrative layering in A Dream of Red Mansions through the investigation of the smoke and cloud in A Dream of Red Mansions.In the narration of the cross-story, one is to start with the cross-story situation in "A Dream of Red Mansions", the other is to discuss the narrative stratification of the "Dream of Red Mansions" and the equal dialogue between different layers of characters through the interpretation of the "mirror" effect brought about by the "dream of Red Mansions".The artistic effect of each narrative is also true and false.Finally, the author analyzes and interprets the works in the mode of "savvy Tao" and "Sifan", and probes into the value of "A Dream of Red Mansions" in the correspondence with these two literary models.The second chapter discusses the narrator's identity from two aspects of narrator and focusser, and analyzes the relationship between "emotion" and "desire" in his works by the relationship between narrator and focusser.First of all, by combing the narrator theory in western narratology, the author, the implied author, the narrator, the narrator, the implied reader, and the real reader are made clear of the difference and relation between the real author, the implied author, the narrator and the real reader.Then the narrator of different narrative layers in A Dream of Red Mansions is analyzed and arranged, and the identity of the narrator of the main layer of A Dream of Red Mansions is determined through the analysis of the text evidence.Finally, the relationship between "emotion" and "desire" shown in the works is discussed through the respective identities of the narrator and the focusser, and the relationship between "desire" and "desire" is discussed.The third chapter, starting with implied author, unreliable narrator and irony in narration, probes into the relationship between the attitude of the narrator and the attitude of the implied author, and the relationship between the attitude of the implied author and the implication of the implied author's attitude in A Dream of Red Mansions.And then examine the "true" and "false" attitude in A Dream of Red Mansions.Firstly, by sorting out the theories of implied authors in the western narratology, the author discusses the possibility of value orientation in A Dream of Red Mansions; secondly, the reliability and ironic effect of narrators in A Dream of Red Mansions are investigated.This paper discusses the deep meaning of "truth" and "falsehood" in the works through the attitude of narrator and the attitude of the implied author.Finally, in the conclusion, according to the three chapters of the "Dream of Red Mansions", by showing the seemingly opposite values intertwined with each other, blending, and accommodating the relationship to resolve the opposition.Summing up the "Dream of Red Mansions" moral embodied in the unique Chinese culture is dualistic, interdependent coexistence.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.411

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