七七事变前走私与反走私中的天津商会

发布时间：2018-04-10 19:43

本文选题：走私 + 反走私　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：七七事变前夕,日本在华北利用陆路和海路进行了公开的大规模走私活动。天津作为华北地区重要商埠,成为了华北走私货物的集散地和中转站,并构成了以其为重要节点的华北走私网络。众多日韩商人在天津从事走私活动,华商扮演着走私日货分销商的角色。其走私货物的数量巨大,种类繁多,损害了民族工商业的发展,给中国关税造成严重损失。天津商会的组织机构是由各同业公会和无公会之商店派出代表选举产生,它代表的是天津工商界的利益,其中也包括参与走私的大量华商。因此,在政府缉私越来越严厉的过程中,尤其是涉及到工商业者切身利益时,天津商会不得不有所行动。天津商会应对政府缉私的行动分为三个阶段:第一阶段:声明拒私,呼吁反走私;第二阶段,麻布销售之争;第三阶段,私货全面登记和补税。但最终未取得多少实际效果。天津商会在整个反走私过程中,既要维护商会会员的利益,同时又要支持政府缉私,使其处于既抗争又无奈的境地。
[Abstract]:On the eve of the July 7th incident, Japan used land and sea routes to carry out open large-scale smuggling activities in North China.As an important commercial port in North China, Tianjin has become the distribution center and transit station of contraband goods in North China, and has formed a North China smuggling network with it as an important node.Many Japanese and South Korean businessmen are engaged in smuggling activities in Tianjin, and Chinese businessmen play the role of distributors of smuggled Japanese goods.The quantity of smuggled goods is huge and various, which damages the development of national industry and commerce, and causes serious losses to China's customs duties.The organization of the Tianjin Chamber of Commerce is elected by representatives of various trade associations and shops without guilds. It represents the interests of the Tianjin business community, including a large number of Chinese businessmen involved in smuggling.As a result, the Tianjin Chamber of Commerce had to act in the process of increasing government crackdown on smuggling, especially when it came to the vital interests of the industrial and commercial sector.The action of Tianjin Chamber of Commerce against smuggling can be divided into three stages: the first stage: declaring the anti-smuggling, calling for anti-smuggling; the second stage, the dispute over the sale of linen; and the third stage, the total registration of the private goods and the payment of taxes.But in the end, little practical effect has been achieved.In the whole process of anti-smuggling, Tianjin Chamber of Commerce should not only protect the interests of its members, but also support the government to suppress smuggling, so that it is in a situation of struggle and helplessness.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265

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