社会排斥情境下情绪调节策略对助人行为的影响

发布时间：2018-04-15 05:13

本文选题：社会排斥 + 助人行为　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会排斥是指在社会互动中,个体遭受到他想与之建立关系的团体或个人的拒绝、排斥或贬低,从而使其归属需求或关系需求无法实现的现象(MacDonaldLeary)。社会排斥会对从认知、情绪和行为等方面对个体产生影响。目前大多数研究者认为社会排斥会对个体的亲社会行为产生短暂抑或持久的消极影响。本研究在前人研究的基础上,选取亲社会行为中具有代表性的一部分,即助人行为为本研究的切入点,探讨社会排斥对个体助人行为的影响。此外,情绪调节策略主要是指个体为了达到情绪调节的目的、有计划、有意图的努力和做法,它是个体对情绪进行有效调节,使个体处于情绪平衡状态以适应社会和环境需要的一种重要手段,主要包括认知重评策略和表达抑制策略两种。本研究探讨了情绪调节策略对社会排斥后个体助人行为的影响。本文选取了大学生作为研究被试。共有两个研究。研究一的目的是考察社会排斥对助人行为的影响。采用2×2被试间实验设计,自变量是社会排斥情境(排斥组;接纳组)、性别及是否独生子女,因变量是被试助人行为。采用网络掷球范式诱发被试排斥感,随后测量排斥感操作检验题目,最后测量被试的助人意愿。结果表明,排斥组被试的助人行为显著低于接纳组被试的助人行为,即社会排斥显著减少个体的助人行为。进一步分析发现,性别对个体的助人行为没有明显影响。独生子女的助人行为显著低于非独生子女的助人行为。在研究一的基础上,研究二进一步探讨了在社会排斥背景下,采用不同情绪调节策略对助人行为的影响。研究二采用情绪调节策略的情境任务,引导被试有目的使用一种情绪调节策略。以情绪调节策略(重评组;抑制组;控制组)作为自变量,被试的助人行为作为因变量。随机选取大学生36人,在诱发社会排斥后,启动不同情绪调节策略,进而测量其助人行为。结果表明,社会排斥后重评组被试的助人行为显著高于抑制组和控制组。认知重评策略对助人行为具有正向预测作用,但是表达压抑策略与助人行为没有显著相关。基于以上研究,本研究得出结论:(1)社会排斥影响个体的助人行为,被排斥者的助人行为明显要比被接纳者的助人行为少。(2)性别对个体的助人行为没有明显影响。(3)独生子女的助人行为明显低于非独生子女的助人行为。(4)被排斥后采用认知重评策略可以明显增加个体的助人行为。(5)被排斥后采用表达抑制策略对个体的助人行为没有明显影响。
[Abstract]:Social exclusion means that in social interaction, an individual is rejected, rejected or belittled by the group or individual with whom he wishes to establish a relationship, thus making it impossible to achieve his own needs or relationship needs.Social exclusion can affect individuals in cognitive, emotional and behavioral ways.At present, most researchers believe that social exclusion has a temporary or lasting negative effect on the prosocial behavior of individuals.On the basis of previous studies, this study selects the representative part of pro-social behavior, that is, the act of helping others as the starting point of this study, and discusses the impact of social exclusion on individual behavior of helping others.In addition, the emotion regulation strategy mainly refers to the individual to achieve the emotion regulation goal, has the plan, the intention effort and the practice, it is the individual carries on the effective adjustment to the emotion,One of the most important ways to keep an individual in emotional balance to meet the needs of society and environment is cognitive reappraisal strategy and expression inhibition strategy.This study explored the effects of emotion regulation strategies on individual helping behavior after social exclusion.This article selects the university student as the research subject.There are two studies.The purpose of study one is to investigate the influence of social exclusion on helping behavior.The independent variable was social exclusion situation (rejection group, acceptance group, sex and whether the only child was the only child), dependent variable was the behavior of helping the subjects.The network ball throwing paradigm was used to induce the subjects' sense of rejection, then to measure the operation test of rejection, and finally to measure the subjects' willingness to help.The results showed that the helping behavior of the rejection group was significantly lower than that of the acceptance group, that is, social exclusion significantly reduced the individual helping behavior.Further analysis showed that gender had no significant effect on individual helping behavior.The aiding behavior of only child is significantly lower than that of non-only child.On the basis of the first study, the second study further explored the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on helping behavior in the context of social exclusion.In the second study, situational tasks with emotion regulation strategies were used to guide participants to purposefully use an emotion regulation strategy.Emotional regulation strategies (reappraisal group; inhibition group; control group) were used as independent variables, and the helpful behavior of subjects as dependent variables.After inducing social rejection, 36 college students were randomly selected to initiate different emotion regulation strategies, and then to measure their helping behavior.The results showed that the behavior of reassessment group after social exclusion was significantly higher than that of inhibition group and control group.Cognitive reappraisal strategy has positive predictive effect on helping behavior, but there is no significant correlation between expressive reassessment strategy and helping behavior.Based on the above study, this study concluded that: 1) Social exclusion affects individuals' helping behavior.(2) gender has no significant effect on individual helping behavior.) the only child's aiding behavior is obviously lower than that of non-only child's. 4) after being excluded, the sex has no significant influence on the individual's helping behavior. (2) the behavior of the only child is obviously lower than that of the accepted person. (2) the gender has no significant influence on the individual's helping behavior.Cognitive reappraisal strategy can significantly increase the helpful behavior of individuals. 5) after being excluded, the expression inhibition strategy has no significant effect on the helping behavior of individuals.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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