哲学视角下的“心理词汇”研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 19:56

本文选题：威廉·詹姆士 + 心理主义　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我们了解自身的心理状态。某个时刻,我们拥有一种感觉,无论是喜、怒、哀、乐还是其他,我们知道"有"这种感觉。心理学中的行为主义曾经反对一切"主观"用语,我们日常生活中的这些寻常不过的表达,似乎需要接受一种更严密的审视,"理所当然"的东西开始经历质疑与追问。我们也对相关内容进行追问。这一类表达主观感受的词汇,是从什么时候开始被质疑的?这类词汇本身具有什么特征?对它们的这种质疑有何种意味?等等。对于上述问题,本文旨在进行一种哲学的、历史的考察。首先,我将试着明确我们讨论的对象,刻画出"心理词汇"的大致范围。接着,在第二章,我展现了近代以来愈加明显的一种将心理词汇及其所指涉的心理状态实体化的倾向。第三章主要关注心理词汇的使用范围,揭示出拟人在描述活动中无可避免,还原论的物质主义忽视人与动物的差异。第四章描述了心理词汇为行为主义心理学弃用,以及它们在行为主义衰颓之后的复现。心理词汇在我们的日常理解与使用中从来都十分稳定,我们关注的是学科研究中对于这类词汇解释和运用。一个词语有它的意义,不过,我以为"心理词汇"更加特殊,它与我们人类联系密切。这些词语进入科学世界,作为研究对象,它们的存在形式与科学研究中其他诸多术语、概念大不相同。这些词语不仅是主体性的,而且是"涉(及)思的",具有形而上的本真性。所以,我们的考察未必全然是对于某个"概念"的认知的历史,我们始终记得在这之中有一层主体的规定。
[Abstract]:We know our state of mind.At some point, we have a feeling, be it joy, anger, sadness, joy or whatever, we know it.Behaviorism in psychology has opposed all "subjective" terms, and these ordinary expressions in our daily lives seem to require a much closer scrutiny, and the "natural" things begin to experience questioning and questioning.We also ask questions about the relevant content.When did this kind of expression of subjective feelings begin to be questioned?What are the characteristics of these words themselves?What is the meaning of this questioning of them?Wait.The purpose of this paper is to make a philosophical and historical study of the above problems.First of all, I will try to define the subject of our discussion, delineate the general scope of "mental vocabulary."Then, in the second chapter, I show an increasingly obvious tendency in modern times to materialize the mental vocabulary and the mental state it refers to.The third chapter focuses on the scope of the use of psychological vocabulary, revealing that personification in the description of the activities of the inevitable, reductionism ignore the differences between human beings and animals.Chapter four describes psychological lexicon as behaviorism psychology discard, and their reappearance after behaviorism decay.Psychological vocabulary has always been stable in our daily understanding and use.A word has its meaning, but I think psychological vocabulary is more special, it is closely related to us.These words enter the scientific world, as the object of study, their forms of existence are quite different from many other terms and concepts in scientific research.These words are not only subjective, but also "related" and metaphysical.Therefore, our investigation is not necessarily a history of cognition of a certain concept, and we always remember that there is a layer of subject in it.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H030

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