移动设备交互界面图标设计风格的工效学研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 22:27

本文选题：图标 + 设计风格　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：根据Google数据统计,目前每个智能手机上安装的应用程序平均数量是20个,预计将来会增加到61个,这意味着用户在交互界面中图标搜索的难度增加。如何在众多图标中快速搜索到目标图标成为工效学的研究重点。本研究采用实验的方法探究在智能移动设备环境下,用户进行视觉搜索任务过程中,交互界面的不同图标设计风格(圆角矩形IOS风格、无框具形Android风格、极简图形Win phone风格)是否会对视觉搜索绩效产生影响,并在此基础上采用眼动技术探究图标设计风格对搜索绩效的影响机制。本研究包括四个实验。研究一主要通过问卷调查,了解用户对目前主流图标风格的偏好;在问卷调查的基础上选用三类图标作为实验一的材料,进行图标搜索任务,探究三类图标的搜索绩效差异。研究二包括两个实验,前人研究中发现颜色是影响搜索绩效的因素之一,因此实验二,选择圆角矩形和无框具形两类风格图标并灰化处理,控制颜色变量,完成图标搜索任务;在研究一的主观偏好调查中发现,目前使用手机图标风格会影响图标偏好,说明熟悉度可能会对图标搜索绩效产生影响,因此实验三在研究两类图标风格的基础上,自造圆角矩形和无框具形风格图标各40个作为实验材料,控制熟悉度变量,更好的说明两类风格图标搜索绩效的差异。研究三,在研究二的基础上从行为研究扩展到眼动研究,通过对注视次数、注视时间和注视轨迹的分析,探索图标搜索过程的眼动机制。由实验结果得出如下结论:(1)问卷调查的主观偏好结果表明,使用3个系统的人群中,偏好圆角矩形风格的比例都是最高,说明圆角矩形风格最受欢迎;在偏好无框具性风格图标的人群中,使用Android系统的占比最高,在偏好极简图形风格图标的人群中,使用Win phone系统的人数最多,表明当前使用的系统图标会影响对图标风格偏好的选择。(2)图标风格影响搜索绩效,与圆角矩形(IOS)、极简图形(Win phone)风格相比,无框具形风格(Android)在搜索时间和正确率上都更有利于用户的视觉搜索;且圆角矩形较极简图形在搜索时间和正确率上的视觉搜索绩效更好。产生这种差异的原因可以总结为熟悉性、知觉线索、隐喻性、整体性。(3)任务复杂度在一定程度上对搜索绩效有影响,任务复杂度越低,则绩效越优;图标风格和任务复杂度交互作用显著,在任务难度较低时,图标风格搜索结果差异不显著,在复杂任务时,图标风格搜索结果差异显著,无框具形风格(Android)显著优于其他。(4)眼动结果表明,在注视点、注视时间以及搜索界面的轨迹距离上无框具形风格图标均显著优于圆角矩形,这和行为研究的结果一致。说明无框具形图标不仅在搜索绩效上优于圆角矩形图标,并且在搜索过程中耗费更少的认知资源。但是在目标图标的轨迹距离上,发现圆角矩形图标轨迹距离显著小于无框具形图标,说明被试在搜索的过程中,统一风格的圆角矩形图标需要耗费更多的认知资源,但是在找到目标图标之后,圆角矩形图标耗费认知资源更少。因此,在图标搜索任务简单,搜索界面整体较小,图标较少的情况下,圆角矩形图标搜索绩效有优势;随着搜索界面图标的增加,无框具形图标搜索绩效更好。本研究采用图标搜索任务探索不同设计风格图标的搜索绩效。寻找出一种最优的图标设计风格,以便提高图标搜索的绩效。本研究的结果有助于人们进一步了解图标的设计风格对用户操作的影响作用,为图标设计提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:According to Google statistics, the average number of applications installed on each smartphone is 20, and it is expected to increase to 61 in the future, which means the user is more difficult to search for icons in the interactive interface. How to quickly search the target icon in many icons becomes the focus of the research. Under the environment of intelligent mobile devices, the design style of different icons in the interactive interface (rounded rectangle IOS style, frame free Android style, and minimalist graphics Win phone style) will affect the visual search performance in the process of visual search, and on this basis, eye movement technology is used to explore the design style of icons. This study includes four experiments. One mainly through questionnaire survey, we know the user's preference for the current mainstream icon style. On the basis of the questionnaire, three icons are selected as the material of the experiment one, the search task of the icons is carried out, and the search performance differences between the three types of icons are explored. Two including two Experiments have found that color is one of the factors that affect search performance, so experiment two, choosing two types of icons with rounded rectangles and frameless shapes and ashing processing, controlling color variables and completing icons search tasks. In the subjective preference survey of study one, it is found that the use of mobile icon style will affect icon preference. Familiarity may have an impact on icons search performance, so experiment three, based on the study of the style of two types of icons, made 40 experimental materials from the round corner rectangle and the frame free style icons, control the familiarity variables and better explain the differences in the search performance of the two style icons. Study three, on the basis of the study two The study was extended to the eye movement study. Through the analysis of the number of fixations, fixation time and the fixation track, the eye movement mechanism of the icon search process was explored. The following conclusions were obtained from the experimental results: (1) the subjective preference results of the questionnaire survey showed that among the 3 systems, the proportion of the preference to the rounded rectangle was the highest, indicating the rounded rectangle. Style is the most popular; among the people who prefer a frameless style icon, the Android system has the highest proportion, and the number of people using the Win phone system is the most in the people who prefer the minimalist graphic style icon, indicating that the current system icons will affect the choice of the icons. (2) the icon style affects the search performance and the rounded corners. Compared to the rectangular (IOS) and minimalist (Win phone) style, the frame free style (Android) is more beneficial to the user's visual search in the search time and the correct rate; and the rounded rectangle is better in the search time and the correct rate of visual search. The reasons for this difference can be summed up as familiarity, perceptual clues, and implicit reasons. (3) the task complexity has a certain influence on the search performance to some extent, the lower the task complexity, the better the performance; the icons style and the task complexity have significant interaction. When the task difficulty is low, the difference of the icon style search results is not significant. In the complex task, the icon style search results have a significant difference and no frame shape. The style (Android) is significantly superior to the others. (4) the eye movement results show that the frameless style icons in the gaze point, the fixation time and the track distance of the search interface are significantly better than the rounded rectangles, which are in agreement with the results of the behavior study. In the path distance of the target icon, it is found that the path distance of the rounded rectangle icon is significantly smaller than that of the frameless icons. It shows that in the course of the search, the uniform style rounded rectangle icon takes more cognitive resources, but after the target icon is found, the rounded rectangle icons are consumed. There are fewer cognitive resources. Therefore, in the case of simple icon search task, smaller search interface and less icons, the search performance of rounded rectangle icons is superior. With the increase of search interface icons, the search performance of frame shaped icons is better. This study uses icon search task to explore the search performance of different design style icons. In order to improve the performance of icon search, the results of this study will help people to further understand the impact of the design style of icons on the user operation, and provide a scientific basis for the design of icons.

【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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