“赵氏孤儿”故事中的女性形象及其现代演绎

发布时间：2018-05-01 15:06

本文选题：赵氏孤儿 + 女性形象　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："赵氏孤儿"故事源于《春秋》"三传"、《史记》的记载,在宋元戏文、南戏、杂剧、传奇、京剧以及各类地方戏曲中,成为常编、常演的经典。现代戏剧影视类型如话剧、歌剧、电影、电视剧、音乐剧等等,也不断排演这个经典的悲剧故事。同时,作为较早传入西方的古典戏曲之一,元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》在海外传播过程中也产生了各种翻译文本和改编作品,并且一直活跃在西方的戏剧舞台上。伴随整个故事传播、接受和改编的历史过程而产生的众多女性角色,在人物形象、道德评价、人物命运等方面产生了丰富的变化,对故事结构和悲剧性的呈现产生了重要影响。国内外学者关于"赵氏孤儿"题材的研究成果极为丰富,主要集中在历史考证、戏剧本体研究、文学传播和跨文化研究几大领域。但其中涉及女性形象像研究的成果屈指可数,且主要集中在史传、戏曲中的史实考证上,并未形成系统、深入的人物形象及其变迁的文学领域的研究。文章的导论部分概括了"赵氏孤儿"故事历时性演变的过程,并对开展"赵氏孤儿"故事女性形象研究这一选题的意义、国内外研究现状、研究目标和采用的研究方法进行了陈述。第一章对《左传》、《史记》及小说《东周列国志》为主的叙事文体中的"赵氏孤儿"故事进行了梳理,并对其中唯一的女性人物庄姬的形象进行了还原和分析,呈现了庄姬从《左传》中淫乱毒妇的形象到《史记》中贤妻慈母形象的逆转过程,并对小说文体长于"敷衍"、"润色"的特点进行了阐释。第二章梳理了 "赵氏孤儿"故事女性形象在中国戏曲作品中的丰富和发展。文章以元杂剧、南戏(戏文)、明清传奇、京剧、秦腔等多种戏曲文本为基础,展示了包括庄姬、程婴妻、屠岸妻、国太、婢女在内的诸多女性角色的增减、塑造和变迁的过程。第三章结合话剧、歌剧、电影、电视剧等现代戏剧影视作品对"赵氏孤儿"故事的改编,详细阐述了女性角色在现代艺术形式演绎中的表现,阐释了艺术形式、演出效果、戏剧理念对女性角色塑造带来的影响。第四章对海外改编的"赵氏孤儿"戏剧作品进行了梳理,分析了伏尔泰、墨菲、陈士争、庄祖欣等西方剧作家在女性角色设计上的不同理念,呈现出异域文化思想和戏剧理念对传统中国经典戏剧再造中的特点和不足。结语部分总结了 "赵氏孤儿"故事中女性角色变迁的特点,包括女性角色的不断丰富和增加,女性角色重心的转移以及女性角色的功能的单一化和模式化等,并对上述特点产生的原因进行了探讨和分析。"赵氏孤儿"故事中女性角色变迁,主要是受到文学艺术自身的发展和外在的社会意识观念的影响,具体则包括文本体裁或作品形式的限制、因故事中其他角色的改变而产生的变化、社会观念变迁的影响以及中西方戏剧理念、道德话语的差异带来的影响等。
[Abstract]:The story of "Zhao's Orphan" originates from "three Legends" and "Records of the History". It has become a classic in Song and Yuan operas, southern opera, zaju, legend, Beijing opera and various local operas. Modern drama, film and television, such as drama, opera, film, television, musical and so on, also constantly rehearse this classic tragedy story. At the same time, as one of the early classical operas introduced to the West, Yuan Zaju "Zhao's Orphan" has produced various translated texts and adapted works in the process of overseas dissemination, and has been active on the stage of western drama. Along with the whole story dissemination, acceptance and adaptation of the historical process of many female characters, in the character image, moral evaluation, character fate and other aspects have produced rich changes, the story structure and tragic presentation has produced an important impact. Scholars at home and abroad have made a great deal of research on the subject of "Zhao's Orphan", focusing on historical textual research, drama ontology research, literary communication and cross-cultural research. However, there are only a few achievements in the study of female images, which mainly focus on historical biography and historical facts in drama, and have not formed a systematic, in-depth study of characters and their changes in the field of literature. The introduction part of the article summarizes the diachronic evolution process of the story of "Zhao's orphan", and the significance of the research on the female image of the story of "Zhao's orphan", and the current research situation at home and abroad. The objectives and methods of the research are stated. The first chapter combs the story of "Zhao's Orphan" in the narrative style of "Zuo Zhuan", "the Records of History" and the novel "the Records of the States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty", and restores and analyzes the image of the only female character, Zhuang Ji, among them. It presents the reverse process from the image of promiscuous and poisonous woman in Zuo Zhuan to the image of good wife and loving mother in Records of History, and explains the characteristics of the style of the novel which is better than "perfunctory" and "embellished". Chapter two combs the enrichment and development of the female characters of Zhao's Orphan in Chinese opera works. On the basis of Yuan Zaju, Southern Opera (Drama, Ming and Qing legends, Beijing Opera, Qin Opera and so on), the article shows the increasing and decreasing, shaping and changing process of many female characters, such as Zhuang Ji, Cheng Ying's wife, Tu An's wife, Guotai, and maidservant. The third chapter combines the adaptation of modern drama, opera, film, TV series and other modern drama films and TV works to the story of "Zhao's Orphan", elaborates the performance of female characters in the interpretation of modern art form, explains the artistic form and the performance effect. The influence of drama idea on female character shaping. Chapter four analyzes the different ideas of Voltaire, Murphy, Chen Shizheng, Chuang Zuxin and other western playwrights in the design of female characters. It presents the characteristics and shortcomings of foreign cultural thought and drama idea in the reconstruction of traditional Chinese classical drama. The conclusion summarizes the characteristics of the changes of female roles in the story of "Zhao's Orphan", including the continuous enrichment and increase of the female roles, the shift of the focus of the female roles and the simplification and pattern of the functions of the female roles, etc. And the causes of the above characteristics are discussed and analyzed. " The changes of women's roles in the story of Zhao's Orphan are mainly influenced by the development of literature and art itself and the external social consciousness, including the limitations of the text genre or the form of the works. The changes caused by the change of other characters in the story, the influence of the change of social concept, the influence of the western and Chinese dramatic ideas and the difference of moral discourse, etc.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I106;J05

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