吴怀祺与中国史学思想史学科的建设

发布时间：2018-05-02 12:05

本文选题：吴怀祺 + 史学思想史　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国史学源远流长,博大精深,中国传统史学所蕴藏的史学思想同样是丰富的,体现为中国史学的评议传统。这一传统在先秦、秦汉时期产生,正式形成于魏晋南北朝隋唐时期,五代宋元时期获得很大的发展,在明清时期出现总结与嬗变。鸦片战争以后,随着中国社会的近代化,史学近代化随之而来,西方的各种学术思潮纷纷涌入中国,中国史家在吸收外国学术思潮的基础上,重新整理认识中国古代史家的史学思想。李大钊对西方史学思想的介绍与传播,奠定了中国史学思想史学科的基础。20世纪30至40年代,中国出现了一些包含史学思想研究的著作,侯外庐主编的《中国思想通史》第一次将较为系统的史学思想史纳入到中国思想通史之中,使之成为思想发展史的重要组成部分。吴怀祺是中国当代史学史研究的专家,他在白寿彝的指引下,从对郑樵和宋代史学思想的研究起步,开始了研究中国史学思想史的漫漫长路。吴怀祺对郑樵研究凝结成《郑樵研究》一书,全书展现了郑樵坚韧的治学精神、敢于批评的学术理念、严谨科学的治学方法以及宽广的治学道路。吴怀祺在研究宋代史学思想时,将史学和哲学联系起来考察,探讨史学和社会的辩证关系,通过详实的史料、朴实的文风展示了宋代史学思想发展的脉络。接着,吴怀祺由宋代史学思想向上溯先秦两汉至隋唐探源,向下往明清近代延伸,探求中国史学思想发展的脉络,对中国史学思想通史进行研究,先后出版了《中国史学思想史》、《中国史学思想通史》,在这两部通史性著作中,吴怀祺勾勒出了中国史学发展的过程,概括了中国史学思想的主要特征,展现不同时期史学思想发展的不同特点,展示了中国史学思想的丰富及深邃。在贯通研究之后,吴怀祺又觉察在"论"的方面缺乏研究,进而他由博返约的继续开展研究,主编出版了《中国史学思想通论》,以专题形式进行通史性的理论研究,考察各类史学思想的源流,从思维角度把握民族史学的特点。吴怀祺的中国史学思想史研究揭示了中国史学的民族精神,以开阔的视野、详实的史料、细致的分析向我们描绘了中国史学思想这幅美丽的画卷,使我们领略到中华民族不仅有浩繁的典籍,更有充满魅力的史学思想。吴怀祺在多年治中国史学思想史的过程中,探索中国史学思想的研究内容和研究方法,架构了中国史学思想史研究的体系结构,建构起了完整的中国史学思想史学科。他立志要用民族语言,努力发掘民族史学思想的宝库,整理总结丰富的民族史学遗产,展现中国史学优秀的民族精神。吴怀祺在关注史学思想民族性的同时,十分重视史学思想的时代性,主张将中国史学的优良传统运用到当代史学的创新中,关注全球化对史学的影响,在世界进程中思考中国史学的发展,关注当代信息科学的进展对史学的意义,以世界史的眼光研究中国史学思想史。20世纪60年代开始,白寿彝提倡史学工作者要重视中国史学遗产的问题,他本人对史学遗产的总结做了大略锥轮的思考。我们当看到,沿着白寿彝的思考,出现了一些总结史学遗产的路径。吴怀祺从史学思想史的角度总结史学遗产,瞿林东从史学理论、历史理论的角度总结史学遗产,陈其泰从文化视角研究史学,积极探索民族精神。吴怀祺、瞿林东及陈其泰的研究都是在史学史研究领域内的路径创新,虽研究对象和研究方法不同,但殊途同归,他们的研究在目标上具有一致性。
[Abstract]:The history of Chinese history has a long history, extensive and profound. The historical thought contained in Chinese traditional history is also rich, which is embodied in the tradition of evaluation of Chinese history. This tradition came into being in the Qin and Han Dynasties in the pre-Qin period and the period of the Sui and Tang Dynasties in the Wei, Jin, and the northern and Southern Dynasties. The Five Dynasties of song and Yuan dynasties have been greatly developed, and the summary and evolution appeared in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the Opium War, with the modernization of Chinese society, the modern history of history followed, and various western academic trends of thought poured into China. On the basis of absorbing foreign academic thoughts, Chinese historians reorganized and realized the historical thought of Chinese ancient historians. Li Dazhao's introduction and dissemination of the thought of Western Historiography laid the Chinese historiography. The foundation of the history of thought in the.20 century from 30 to 40s, China appeared some works containing the research of historical thought. The first time of the history of Chinese thought, the chief editor of Hou Lu Lu introduced a more systematic history of historical thought into the general history of Chinese thought and made it a important part of the history of thought. Wu Huaiqi is the history of Chinese contemporary history. The research expert, under the guidance of Bai Shouyi, started the long way to study the history of Chinese historiography from the study of Zheng Qiao and the historical thought of the Song Dynasty. Wu Huaiqi's study of Zheng Qiao's research condensed into the study of Zheng Qiao. The book shows Zheng Qiao's tenacious scholastic spirit, the academic idea that dare to criticize, the rigorous scientific method of learning. When Wu Huaiqi studied the historical thought of the Song Dynasty, he studied the history and philosophy of the Song Dynasty, explored the dialectical relationship between history and society. Through the detailed historical data, the simple style of writing showed the development of the historical thought of the Song Dynasty. Then, Wu Huaiqi explored the origin of the Song Dynasty from the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties from the Song Dynasty historical thought to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the late Ming and Qing Dynasties, the development of Chinese historiography thought was explored, the history of Chinese historiography thought was studied. The history of Chinese historiography thought was published successively, and the general history of Chinese historiography thought was published. In these two works of history, Wu Hui Qi outlined the process of the development of Chinese historiography and summarized the main characteristics of Chinese historiography. At present, the different characteristics of the development of historical thought in different periods show the rich and profound Chinese historiography thought. After the study, Wu Huaiqi was aware of the lack of research on the "theory", and then he continued to carry out his research. The editor in chief published the general theory of Chinese Historiography, and carried out a comprehensive historical study on a thematic form. To examine the origin of various historical thoughts and grasp the characteristics of national history from the perspective of thinking, the study of Wu Huaiqi's history of Chinese historiography reveals the national spirit of Chinese historiography, with an open view, detailed historical data and meticulous analysis of the painting of Chinese historiography, which makes us appreciate not only the Chinese nation but the Chinese nation. In the course of the history of Chinese historiography, Wu Huaiqi explored the contents and methods of the study of Chinese historiography in the process of treating the history of Chinese historiography for many years. The structure of the study of the history of Chinese historiography was constructed and a complete discipline of the history of Chinese historiography was constructed. Excavating the treasure house of national historiography thought, collating and summarizing the rich historical heritage of national history, and showing the excellent national spirit of Chinese historiography. Wu Huaiqi pays great attention to the epochal nature of historical thought while paying attention to the national character of historiography, and advocates the use of the fine tradition of Chinese history to the innovation of the historiography of the generation, and pays close attention to the shadow of globalization on history. In the course of the world, we think about the development of Chinese historiography, pay attention to the significance of the progress of the modern information science to the history of history, and study the history of Chinese historiography in the 60s.20 century with the vision of world history. Bai Shouyi advocated that historiography workers should attach importance to the heritage of Chinese historiography. We should see, we should see, along Bai Shouyi's thinking, there are some ways to sum up the historical heritage. Wu Huaiqi summed up the historical heritage from the perspective of historical thought history, Qu Lindong summed up the historical heritage from the perspective of historical theory and historical theory. Chen is studying history from a cultural perspective and actively exploring the national spirit. Wu Huaiqi, Qu lyndong and Chen Qi The research of Thailand is the path innovation in the field of historical history. Although the research object and the research method are different, the research has the same goal, and their research is consistent in the goal.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K092

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