东汉王朝对私门依附群体的管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 13:05

本文选题：东汉 + 私门　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：私门依附群体在整个漫长的封建社会一直存在,这对要求高度集权的封建政治而言是一股强大的敌对势力。但不可否认的是,他们的存在也是封建制度自身发展的必然产物。他们对封建中央集权的解构作用,是其遭受打击的根本原因。东汉时期,私门依附群体大量存在。私家武装、佃农奴婢、游士宾客、门生故吏等等,几乎从经济、政治、军事、文化各各方面,全方位地削弱中央权力。其中政治权力是最为核心的部分,因而也就最受到以皇帝为代表的统治集团的关注。东汉王朝竭力尊君卑臣,大力加强中央集权。忠孝一体观念泛化至整个社会的方方面面,这本是为了强化中央集权,但封建制度自身内在的矛盾,使得私门依附群体有了大量存在的基本条件,如小农经济催生出来的大量佃农,庄园经济衍生出来的武装部曲、徒附、奴婢,征召辟举的选官方式催生出的门生故吏。而当社会处于动荡时期,走投无路的流亡农民聚集而成的贼寇团体,以及以之为基础的形成的武装割据势力。对中央集权形成威胁是他们的共同特点,都会对封建君权存在一定的解构作用。矛盾存在则必有应对矛盾的方法出现。对此,东汉王朝做出了不少应对措施——从抽象的意识层面到具体措施:强化尊君卑臣的思想意识,各种打击私门依附群体的手段与方法。
[Abstract]:In the long feudal society, the dependent group of private door existed, which was a powerful hostile force to the feudal politics which demanded a high degree of centralization. But it is undeniable that their existence is also the inevitable outcome of the development of feudalism itself. Their deconstruction of feudal centralization was the fundamental cause of their attack. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, a large number of dependent groups existed in private doors. Private armed forces, sharecropper slaves and maidservants, visitors, and school students, and so on, weakened the power of the central government in all directions, almost economically, politically, militarily, and culturally. Political power is the most central part, and thus most concerned by the ruling clique represented by the emperor. The Eastern Han Dynasty made great efforts to respect the monarch and lower officials and to strengthen the centralization of power. The concept of loyalty and filial piety has spread to all aspects of the whole society, which is intended to strengthen centralization. However, the inherent contradictions of the feudal system have given rise to a large number of basic conditions for the existence of private dependent groups. Such as a large number of sharecroppers born out of the small peasant economy, the manor economy derived from the armed forces, attached, slaves, the recruitment of elected officials to promote the birth of a student dead official. And when the society was in a turbulent period, the desperate exiled peasants gathered together and formed armed separatist forces based on it. The threat to centralization is their common characteristic and deconstructs the feudal monarchy. There must be ways to deal with contradictions if they exist. In response, the Eastern Han Dynasty made a lot of measures, from the level of abstract consciousness to concrete measures: strengthening the ideological consciousness of respecting the monarch and inferior to the subject, and various means and methods of cracking down on the dependent groups of the private sector.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K234.2

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