从文化翻译观看《西游记》中宗教元素的翻译

发布时间：2018-05-05 02:21

本文选题：宗教元素 + 《西游记》　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文旨在探讨《西游记》在汉译西时如何处理宗教元素的问题。我们以作品的两个西班牙语译本为依据,通过对其翻译进行对比研究,提出相应的翻译原则和翻译策略,从而能够有效地传达其文化含义来实现跨文化交际。《西游记》作为中国著名的古典文学名著,讲述了玄奘师徒历尽千难万险到西天求取真经的故事。内容中蕴含着丰富而深刻的道教和佛教思想,包括禅诗、宗教术语概念、宗教意涵丰富的人物姓名、佛教隐喻等等。因此能否处理好上述内容在跨文化背景下的汉西翻译,很大程度上决定着这部作品的翻译质量。我们假设翻译宗教元素时,会遇到由于宗教传统不同和文化缺省带来的诸多不可译问题,因而采取一些特殊的手段来应对此类不可译问题是必要的并且是可行的。本论文共三章。在第一章,论文选取苏珊·巴斯奈特的文化翻译观作为理论框架。分别从语言和文化的关系,翻译对等和文化的不可译等角度展开论述。与此同时,还介绍了由玄奘提出的"五不翻"理论,用以处理在翻译佛经过程中遇到的不可译情况。在第二章,本论文阐述了小说中宗教元素的主要特点和其相应的翻译策略。特点如下:作品中蕴含的宗教哲学思想与作品主旨密切关联,对宗教文化的理解影响着对整部作品的理解;作品中的宗教思想通过隐喻,象征等一系列修辞手法进行传达,在翻译时有必要对其进行解释并予以明示,才能够使目的语境下的读者理解作者的巧妙构思和文本的宗教意涵;作品中大量的宗教元素系原文化特有的意像,宗教文化缺省要求译者运用到多种补偿手段,确保传递信息不失真;宗教本身的特殊性和专业性,要求我们在翻译宗教概念或者经文文本时严格遵照其原意,不能过分意译。在第三章,本论文通过对具体实例的分析,提出在翻译宗教元素中的一些实用可行的办法策略。在该章的第一节,我们分析了专有名词的翻译,包括人物姓名和宗教术语。这一部分从人物法名翻译、人物别号翻译和宗教神yG姓名翻译三个角度进行分析,总结了西文译本对这三类名号不同的翻译处理手段。在第二节,根据佛经的特点,我们对作品中《心经》原文和在小说中的寓指进行了分析,并结合玄奘的理论对遇到的不可译问题进行了处理以实现文化功能对等。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to explore how to deal with religious elements in the translation of Chinese and Western. On the basis of the two Spanish versions of the works, we put forward the corresponding translation principles and translation strategies through a comparative study of their translation. Thus, it can effectively convey its cultural meaning to achieve cross-cultural communication. As a famous classical literary masterpiece in China, Xuanzang tells the story of Xuanzang's master and disciples who went to the West to seek truth through thousands of dangers. It contains rich and profound Taoist and Buddhist thoughts, including Zen poems, religious terminology, names of characters with rich religious connotations, Buddhist metaphors and so on. Therefore, whether or not the above content can be properly handled in the cross-cultural context determines the translation quality of this work to a great extent. We assume that the translation of religious elements will encounter many untranslatable problems caused by different religious traditions and cultural defaults. Therefore, it is necessary and feasible to take some special measures to deal with such untranslatable problems. There are three chapters in this paper. In the first chapter, Susan Bassnett's cultural translation theory is chosen as the theoretical framework. It discusses the relationship between language and culture, translation equivalence and cultural untranslatability. At the same time, it introduces Xuanzang's "five No turning" theory, which is used to deal with the untranslatable situation encountered in the process of translating Buddhist scriptures. In the second chapter, the thesis expounds the main features of religious elements and the corresponding translation strategies. The characteristics are as follows: the religious philosophy contained in the works is closely related to the main idea of the work, the understanding of religious culture affects the understanding of the whole work, and the religious thoughts in the works are conveyed through a series of rhetorical devices, such as metaphor, symbolism, etc. It is necessary to interpret and express it in translation so that readers in the context of purpose can understand the author's ingenious conception and the religious meaning of the text, and a large number of religious elements in the works are unique to the original culture. The default of religious culture requires the translator to apply various compensatory measures to ensure that the transmission of information is not distorted. The particularity and professionalism of religion itself require us to strictly abide by its original meaning when translating religious concepts or texts of scriptures. In the third chapter, through the analysis of concrete examples, this paper puts forward some practical and feasible methods and strategies in the translation of religious elements. In the first section of this chapter, we analyze the translation of proper nouns, including the names of characters and religious terms. This part analyzes the translation of these three names from three angles: the translation of legal names of characters, the translation of characters' names and the translation of the names of religious gods (YG), and summarizes the different translation methods of these three kinds of names in the western versions. In the second section, according to the characteristics of the Buddhist sutras, we analyze the original text and the implication in the novel, and combine Xuanzang's theory to deal with the untranslatable problems in order to realize the cultural functional equivalence.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H34;I046

【参考文献】