解构主义视角下的《麦田里的守望者》解读

发布时间：2018-05-16 06:09

本文选题：杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格 + 《麦田里的守望》　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格于1951年创作完成的一部长篇小说,小说讲述了一位16岁的少年霍尔顿·考尔菲德从被学校开除到回家的三天时间内在纽约游荡的流浪故事。小说用第一人称叙事方法,通过平实、通俗的口语化语言向读者展示了一个少年真实的内心世界。本文在德里达解构主义理论基础上,分析了《麦田里的守望者》中三组二元对立,探索了小说对传统童真观念、价值观和英雄主义的颠覆。引言部分对塞林格、《麦田里的守望者》和德里达的解构主义进行了简要介绍,为下一步的论点阐述打下基础、提供理论依据。正文部分分别对三对二元对立进行了解构,首先是对儿童/成人这组二元对立的解构主义解读,主要从两个方面进行:一是儿童角度,分析了儿童世界中纯真和狡诈并存的现象;二是成人角度,探索了成人世界同时存在的虚伪和善良。第二章是对顺从/反叛这组二元对立进行解读,分析围绕主人公霍尔顿的矛盾性进行,他自身同时存在传统道德中尊重师长、热爱读书、善解人意、体贴父母的特质,但同时也做出暴力叛逆、善于撒谎等不良行为。第三章是对英雄/反英雄的解构主义解读,分析了霍尔顿和安托里尼老师集英雄和反英雄为一身的两个人物形象。通过对小说中三组二元对立的解读,此文揭示了作品中对童贞、价值观和英雄主义的进步性思考和对传统标准的超越。希望此文能为读者提供新的鉴赏角度,去重新审视这部经久不衰的经典作品,并且从新的理论视角去思考和挖掘《麦田里的守望者》中深刻的现实意义。
[Abstract]:The Catcher in the Rye is a novel by American writer Jerome David Salinger in 1951. The novel tells the story of a 16-year-old Holden Calfield who wandered around New York for three days from school to home. The novel shows the real inner world of a teenager through plain, colloquial language with the first person narrative method. On the basis of Derrida's deconstruction theory, this paper analyzes three groups of binary opposites in Catcher in the Rye, and explores the subversion of the traditional concept of innocence, values and heroism in the novel. The introduction briefly introduces Salinger, the Catcher in the Rye and Derrida's deconstruction, which lays a foundation for the next argument and provides a theoretical basis. The main body part has carried on the deconstruction to the three pairs of binary oppositions, first of all, the deconstruction of children / adults, mainly from two aspects: first, the perspective of children, This paper analyzes the coexistence of innocence and cunning in the children's world, and explores the hypocrisy and goodness in the adult world. The second chapter is to interpret the dualistic opposition of obedience / rebellion, and to analyze the contradiction around Holden, who has the characteristics of respecting teachers, loving reading, understanding and caring for his parents in his traditional morality. But also violent treason, good at lying and other bad behavior. The third chapter is the deconstruction of the hero / anti-hero analysis of Holden and Antolini teacher hero and anti-hero as one of the two characters. Through the interpretation of three groups of dualistic opposites in the novel, this paper reveals the progressive thinking on virginity, values and heroism and the transcendence of traditional standards. It is hoped that this article can provide readers with a new appreciation angle to re-examine this enduring classic work and to think about and excavate the profound practical significance of the Catcher in the Rye from a new theoretical perspective.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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