女大学生对甜食线索的注意偏向及偏向训练效果研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 17:38

本文选题：女大学生 + 甜食线索　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：对甜食线索的注意偏向是指相对于中性线索或低能量食物线索,个体对甜食线索的选择性注意,具体表现为对甜食线索的定向、维持或回避。对甜食线索的注意偏向训练是指通过一系列训练调节个体对甜食线索的注意增强或注意减弱。本研究在已有相关研究的基础上,采用行为学研究方法探讨了女大学生对甜食线索的注意偏向,并尝试采用新的注意偏向训练方法——眼跳训练任务探讨对甜食线索的注意偏向训练效果。实验一采用空间线索提示范式,以对探测刺激的反应时为因变量,探讨相对于低能量食物线索及中性线索,女大学生对甜食线索是否存在注意偏向,及线索呈现时间为200ms和500ms时注意偏向的成分。被试为郑州大学女大学生52名,BMI指数均位于18.50-24.99之间(正常体重)。采用2(线索呈现时间:200ms;500ms)x 2(线索类型:中性图片;低能量食物图片;甜食图片)x 2(线索提示类型:有效线索;无效线索)的混合实验设计。实验二运用眼动研究,以对甜食线索的首视点定向偏向分数、首视点注视时间偏向分数及总注视时间偏向分数为因变量,利用Fixation Trigger控件探讨眼跳训练任务(朝向眼跳训练任务和反向眼跳训练任务)是否可以改变被试对甜食线索的注意偏向。采用2(测量阶段:前测;后测)x 2(偏向训练条件:趋向甜食组;回避甜食组)的混合实验设计。实验一结果表明,有效线索条件下,线索呈现时间为200ms时,被试对以甜食图片为线索的探测刺激的反应时显著小于以中性图片及低能量食物图片为线索的探测刺激的反应时,对以低能量食物图片与以中性图片为线索的探测刺激的反应时没有显著差异;无效线索条件下,当线索呈现时间为500ms时,被试对以甜食图片为线索的探测刺激的平均反应时显著大于以中性图片及低能量食物图片为线索的探测刺激的平均反应时,对以低能量食物图片与以中性图片为线索的探测刺激的反应时也没有显著差异。实验二结果表明,回避甜食组经过反向眼跳训练后对甜食线索首视点注视时间及总注视时间偏向分数的显著减少,而首视点定向偏向分数没有显著变化;而趋向甜食组经朝向眼跳训练后对甜食线索的首视点定向及首视点注视时间偏向分数显著地增加,总注视时间偏向分数没有发生显著变化。通过对结果的分析,得出如下结论:(1)相对于低能量食物线索和中性线索,被试对甜食线索注意偏向特点都表现为注意定向-维持模式。200ms时表现为对甜食线索的注意定向,500ms时表现为对甜食线索的注意维持;而相对于中性线索,并不存在对低能量食物线索的注意偏向。(2)眼跳训练任务能够有效地调节女大学生对甜食线索的注意偏向。其中,反向眼跳训练降低对甜食线索的早期阶段和总注意维持,主要是增强了女大学生对甜食线索的注意解除能力;朝向眼跳训练不仅增加了对甜食线索的注意维持,还可能增加对甜食线索的注意定向。
[Abstract]:The attention bias to sweet cues refers to the selective attention of the individual to the sweet cues relative to the neutral clue or the low energy food clue. The specific expression is the orientation of the sweet cues, the maintenance or avoidance of the sweet clues. The attention bias training for the sweet clues refers to the enhancement or attentional attendant of the sweets clue through a series of training. On the basis of relevant research, the study explored the bias of female college students' attention to sweet food clues by behavioral study methods, and tried to use a new attention bias training method, the training task of saccade training, to study the effect of attention bias on sweet food clues. The reaction time was dependent on the dependent variable, and compared with the low energy food clues and neutral clues, the female college students had attention bias to the sweet food clues, and the clue presentation time was 200ms and 500ms. The 52 female college students in Zhengzhou University, the BMI index in the 18.50-24.99 (normal weight). Present time: 200ms; 500ms) x 2 (clue type: neutral picture; low energy food picture; sweet food picture) x 2 (clue type: effective clue; ineffective clue) mixed experimental design. Experiment two use eye movement study to determine the orientation bias score of the first view point of the sweet food clue, the first view fixation time bias and the total fixation time bias. For the dependent variable, the Fixation Trigger control is used to explore whether the saccade training task (toward the saccade training task and the reverse saccade training task) can change the attention bias of the subjects on the sweets cues. 2 (measurement stage: pre test; post test) x 2 (bias training conditions: tendency to dessert group; avoidance of dessert group) The results showed that when the cue presentation time was 200ms, the response of the subjects to the detection stimulus with the sweet picture as a clue was significantly less than the response to the detection stimulus with the neutral picture and the low energy food picture as a clue. There were significant differences; under the condition of ineffective clues, when the time of clue presentation was 500ms, the average response of the subjects to the detection stimulus with the sweet picture as the clue was significantly greater than the mean response to the neutral picture and the low energy food picture as the clue. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the reaction time. Experiment two showed that the dessert group after the reverse saccade training had a significant decrease in the fixation time of the first sight and the total fixation time, while the orientation of the first view orientation did not change significantly. The orientation and the first view fixation time bias increased significantly, and the total fixation time bias did not change significantly. Through the analysis of the results, the following conclusions were obtained: (1) compared with the low energy food clues and neutral clues, the attention bias characteristics of the dessert cues were all manifested by the attention orientation maintenance model.200ms. Attention orientation for sweet food clues, 500ms displayed as the attention to the attention of the sweet clues; and relative to neutral clues, there is no attention bias to low energy food clues. (2) saccade training tasks can effectively regulate female college students' attention bias to sweet food clues. The segment and the maintenance of the total attention are mainly to enhance the ability of the female college students to dissolve the sweets' clues. The orientation of the saccade training not only increases the attention to the sweet clue, but also increases the attention orientation of the sweet cues.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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