不稳定的身份认同—不可靠叙述视角下的《拉维尔斯坦》人物解读

发布时间：2018-06-08 08:08

本文选题：《拉维尔斯坦》 + 索尔·贝娄　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：索尔·贝娄是美国犹太裔作家,其《拉维尔斯坦》出版于2000年,小说通过齐克的叙述刻画了大学教授、学者及政治哲学家拉维尔斯坦。他在异国文化中遭遇着被排挤的命运,在不断寻找自己的定位的过程中与传统犹太教文化渐行渐远,在生命的最后时刻意识到犹太人一定要回归犹太教传统文化。本文运用不可靠叙述的理论来解读《拉维尔斯坦》,加深对美国犹太人的理解。论文主体分为三个部分。首先,考察了齐克作为人物兼叙述者的功能在文本中的作用。作为人物的齐克,因为其性格和道德缺陷,使得齐克成为一个"靠不住"的人。接着,论述了小说中存在人物功能和叙述功能相分离的情况。同时小说中多次出现有限的人物视角与全知全能的视角之间的转换。这样的叙述策略使得齐克的叙述在可靠与不可靠间摇摆。其次,本文通过分析齐克的人物功能和叙述功能相分离的不可靠叙述策略,来分析这一叙述策略对拉维尔斯坦的形象的塑造上产生的影响。作为人物的齐克与他是好朋友和同事,齐克欣赏他的在学术研究上才华和在政治上的影响力。作为叙述者的齐克避开拉维尔斯坦的正面价值,刻意夸大拉维尔斯坦的缺点和生活陋习。齐克的多重功能使得他对拉维尔斯坦的刻画出现了矛盾。再次,本文通过分析拉维尔斯坦的多重形象来展现美国犹太人的生存状况,一方面作为美国人,拉维尔斯坦心中深埋犹太文化和传统,不知道如何定位自身的文化定位。另一方面,作为犹太人他深受美国当代文化影响,追求享乐和无节制的消费。最后论文得出结论,主人公拉维尔斯坦在不可靠的叙述下呈现出多重文化困扰的身份认同问题,呈现出认同的不稳定性,从而也体现出了作家自身对这一问题的思考和忧虑。
[Abstract]:Saul Bellow is an American Jewish-American writer whose Laverstein was published in 2000. The novel depicts university professors scholars and political philosophers Ravestan through Zeke's narration. In the process of constantly seeking his own position, he was far away from the traditional Jewish culture and realized that Jews must return to the Jewish traditional culture at the last moment of his life. This paper uses the theory of unreliable narration to interpret Laverstein to deepen the understanding of American Jews. The main body of the thesis is divided into three parts. First of all, it examines the function of Zeke as a character and narrator in the text. As a character, Zeke, because of his character and moral defects, makes Zeke a "unreliable" person. Then, the author discusses the separation of character function and narrative function in the novel. At the same time, there are many times in the novel between the limited character perspective and omniscient angle of view. Such a narrative strategy makes Zeke's narrative swing between reliability and unreliability. Secondly, by analyzing the unreliable narrative strategy in which Zeke's character function and narrative function are separated, this paper analyzes the influence of this narrative strategy on the shaping of Laverstein's image. As a character, Zeke and he are good friends and colleagues, Zick appreciates his academic talent and political influence. As a narrator, Zick avoids the positive value of Laverstein and exaggerates his shortcomings and bad habits. Zeke's multiple functions make his portrayal of Laverstein contradictory. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the multiple images of Laverstein to show the living conditions of American Jews. On the one hand, as an American, Laverstein is deeply embedded in Jewish culture and tradition, and does not know how to locate his own cultural positioning. On the other hand, as a Jew, he was deeply influenced by American contemporary culture, pursuing pleasure and unrestrained consumption. Finally, the thesis draws a conclusion that under the unreliable narration, the protagonist Laverstein presents the identity problem with multiple cultural puzzles and the instability of identity, which also reflects the writer's own thinking and worry about this problem.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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