元代汉语语气副词研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 11:07
【摘要】：元代是中国历史一个特殊的时期。北方的蒙古人入主中原后,带来了大量的语言接触和文化交融,所以在近代汉语史上,元代汉语也处于一个相对特殊的阶段。本文以元代汉语语气副词为研究对象,并选取元代口语性较强且有代表性的语料作为直接文献参考:《元刊全相平话五种》、《孝经直解》、《新校元刊杂剧三十种》、《原本老乞大》和《元典章·刑部》,以求通过对元代文献材料的梳理,整理出元代汉语语气副词系统,分析其使用情况,进而丰富近代汉语副词研究成果。根据元代汉语的特点,我们把元代汉语中的语气副词分为以下五类:确认强调类、委婉推断类、疑问反诘类、评价类和祈使类,并针对每一次类进行研究。我们发现:在五个次类中,确认强调类语气副词数量最多,疑问反诘类语气副词最少。元代新产生的语气副词中,委婉推断类数量最多,反诘类、祈使类数量最少。从音节数量上看,双音节语气副词已经占明显优势,且多为附加式。不少语气副词既可修饰谓词性成分,也可修饰整个句子。我们又以语气副词"好歹"为例,探讨了元代语气副词的主观化和主观性。通过考察,我们发现:语气副词"好歹"从宋末元初开始出现,元末明初主观性开始不断加强,明清时期已经发展成为既可表示确认强调语气,也可表示委婉推测语气,并使用至今。
[Abstract]:The Yuan Dynasty was a special period in Chinese history. After the Mongols in the north took over the Central Plains, it brought a great deal of language contact and cultural blending, so in the history of modern Chinese, the Yuan Dynasty Chinese was also in a relatively special stage. This paper takes Chinese mood adverbs in Yuan Dynasty as the research object. The oral and representative corpus of Yuan Dynasty was selected as direct reference: < five kinds of plain words in Yuan Dynasty, >, "interpretation of filial piety", "Thirty kinds of New School and Yuan Opera", "Old Qida" and "Department of punishment in Yuan Dynasty", in order to get through. Combing the literature of Yuan Dynasty, The system of mood adverbs in Yuan Dynasty is sorted out, and its use is analyzed, which enriches the research results of modern Chinese adverbs. According to the characteristics of Chinese in Yuan Dynasty, we divide the mood adverbs of Yuan Dynasty into the following five categories: confirmation emphasis class, euphemism inference class, interrogative cross-examination class, evaluation class and imperative class. We find that among the five subcategories, the number of modal adverbs of confirmation emphasis class is the highest, and that of interrogative rhetorical modal adverbs is the least. Among the newly produced mood adverbs in Yuan Dynasty, the number of euphemism inference class is the most, the cross-examination class is the least, and the imperative class is the least. In terms of the number of syllables, double-syllable mood adverbs have been dominant, and most of them are additive. A lot of mood adverbs can modify the predicate component as well as the whole sentence. Taking mood adverb "good or bad" as an example, we discuss the subjectivity and subjectivity of mood adverb in Yuan Dynasty. Through investigation, we find that the mood adverb "good or evil" began to appear from the end of Song Dynasty to the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, and the subjectivity began to strengthen in the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, and the Ming and Qing dynasties period has developed into both confirming and emphasizing mood and euphemism for conjectural mood. And used up to now.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.2
[Abstract]:The Yuan Dynasty was a special period in Chinese history. After the Mongols in the north took over the Central Plains, it brought a great deal of language contact and cultural blending, so in the history of modern Chinese, the Yuan Dynasty Chinese was also in a relatively special stage. This paper takes Chinese mood adverbs in Yuan Dynasty as the research object. The oral and representative corpus of Yuan Dynasty was selected as direct reference: < five kinds of plain words in Yuan Dynasty, >, "interpretation of filial piety", "Thirty kinds of New School and Yuan Opera", "Old Qida" and "Department of punishment in Yuan Dynasty", in order to get through. Combing the literature of Yuan Dynasty, The system of mood adverbs in Yuan Dynasty is sorted out, and its use is analyzed, which enriches the research results of modern Chinese adverbs. According to the characteristics of Chinese in Yuan Dynasty, we divide the mood adverbs of Yuan Dynasty into the following five categories: confirmation emphasis class, euphemism inference class, interrogative cross-examination class, evaluation class and imperative class. We find that among the five subcategories, the number of modal adverbs of confirmation emphasis class is the highest, and that of interrogative rhetorical modal adverbs is the least. Among the newly produced mood adverbs in Yuan Dynasty, the number of euphemism inference class is the most, the cross-examination class is the least, and the imperative class is the least. In terms of the number of syllables, double-syllable mood adverbs have been dominant, and most of them are additive. A lot of mood adverbs can modify the predicate component as well as the whole sentence. Taking mood adverb "good or bad" as an example, we discuss the subjectivity and subjectivity of mood adverb in Yuan Dynasty. Through investigation, we find that the mood adverb "good or evil" began to appear from the end of Song Dynasty to the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, and the subjectivity began to strengthen in the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, and the Ming and Qing dynasties period has developed into both confirming and emphasizing mood and euphemism for conjectural mood. And used up to now.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.2
【参考文献】
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