实验语音学角度下声调与曲调研究及对《诗经》押韵现象的应用
发布时间：2018-08-01 10:56
【摘要】：一首歌曲本身就具有曲调,而歌曲的歌词又带有声调,那么歌曲在演唱时其音高频率和音高走向是受声调的影响还是曲调影响,亦或是受声调和曲调同时影响?从这个立足点出发,本文从实验语音学的角度探索歌曲的声调和曲调对歌曲的音高频率和音高走向的影响,并结合声调与曲调研究的实验结论从实验语音学的角度来尝试解释《诗经》中存在的异调相押现象。文章以普通话语料为主体,实验语料皆在无噪音、无伴奏的条件下录制,并经过收集删选而来,力求保证实验语料的质量。利用语音分析软件——Praat软件对语料进行单个音节的切分,并进行整理和汇总。通过对同一曲调下声调不同的音节的音高测量、不同曲调下声调相同的音节的音高测量、单个音节的声调与曲调音高测量这三个实验进行全面的观察对比和分析,来论证声调和曲调对歌曲音高频率和音高走向的影响,并进一步将这一结论应用到对《诗经》异调相押的解释。本文分为五个部分:第一章为绪论,主要介绍了声调实验的研究现状,曲调的研究现状,《诗经》押韵的研究现状以及本文的研究目的和意义,研究方法与思路。第二章主要是实验语音学的概述,介绍了实验语音学的定义和实验语音学的发展阶段,将实验语音学的发展分为1920年以前、1920年—1940年、1940年—1960年、1960年—1980年四个阶段。第三章是本文的重点,也是本文的主要部分,主要是实验语音学角度下的声调与曲调的研究与分析。本章分为五个部分,第一部分对本文实验的主要软件Format Factory软件和Praat软件进行了简单的介绍;第二部分介绍了实验语料的来源,主要包括受试对象的选取和实验语料的收集两小节;第三部分详细介绍了实验的操作步骤,包括原始音频的格式转换、单个音节的切分;第四部分是对实验数据的分析与统计。首先简单介绍了音高基频数据如何作图,其次对同一曲调下声调不同的音节的音高测量、不同曲调下声调相同的音节的音高测量、单个音节的声调与曲调音高测量三个实验的数据进行统计,并列举音高图谱进行对比观察,进一步分析现象和原因;第五部分对本章进行小结,论述音高走向和音高频率主要是受曲调的影响这一结论,并做出简单的说明。第四章是声调与曲调实验研究的应用,以《诗经》异调相押现象研究为例进行分析。本章首先对《诗经》进行了简单的概述,其次分析了《诗经》异调现象的情况,主要介绍了唐作藩、邓葵对《诗经》异调相押现象数据的统计,以及江有诰在解释异调相押现象时为追求"声韵谐适"而走入了误区。再次对上古时期的声调进行研究,论述了以陈第为代表的上古无声调说,以顾炎武、江永、王力等人为代表的上古四声说,以章太炎、黄侃为代表的上古二声说,以段玉裁、孔广森为代表的上古三声说和以王国维、唐作藩为代表的上古五声说。最后提出无论上古时期有无声调,歌曲在演唱时受曲调影响,所以只要韵字的曲调相同,听起来也是押韵的。第五章为总结。本章简单总结了全文的内容,对全文脉络进行梳理,进一步提出了本文在研究中存在的不足之处以及对将来进一步研究的展望。文章从实验语言学的角度研究声调与曲调对歌曲的音高频率和音高走向的影响,并用此实验结论来解释《诗经》异调相押现象,希望通过本文能为语言学和音韵学的交叉研究做出微薄的贡献。
[Abstract]:A song itself has a tune, and the lyrics of the song have a tone. Then, when the song is sung, the pitch frequency and the pitch direction are influenced by the tone or the tune, or are the tone harmonization? From this point of view, the tone and tune of the song are explored from the point of view of the experimental phonology to the song. The influence of pitch frequency and pitch direction, and combining the experimental conclusions of tone and tune study, from the perspective of experimental phonetics, to try to explain the phenomenon of hetero phase in "Book of Songs >". The article takes the corpus of Mandarin as the main body, the experimental corpus is recorded in the condition of no noise, without accompaniment, and is collected and selected to ensure the reality. The quality of the language material. Use the speech analysis software - Praat software to divide the single syllable of the corpus and carry out the collation and summary. By measuring the pitch of the syllable with different tones under the same tune, the pitch measurement of the same syllable in different tunes, the three experiments of the single syllable tone and the pitch measurement. Comprehensive observation and comparison and analysis to demonstrate the influence of tone and tune on the pitch frequency and pitch direction of the song, and further apply this conclusion to the interpretation of "Book of Songs >" in different phase. This article is divided into five parts: the first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the research status of the tone experiment, the research status of the melody, the research of the Book of Songs rhyme. The second chapter is the overview of the experimental phonetics, the definition of the experimental phonetics and the development stage of experimental phonetics. The development of experimental phonetics is divided into four stages before 1920, 1920 to 1940, 1940 to 1960, 1960 to 1980. Third The chapter is the focus of this article, and it is also the main part of this article. It is mainly the research and analysis of the tone and tune of the experimental phonetics. This chapter is divided into five parts. The first part is a brief introduction to the main software Format Factory and Praat software of this experiment; the second part introduces the source of the experimental corpus, the main package. Two sections are included in the selection of subjects and the collection of experimental corpus. The third part details the operation steps of the experiment, including the format conversion of the original audio, the segmentation of the single syllable; the fourth part is the analysis and statistics of the experimental data. First, it briefly introduces how the pitch basic frequency data is drawn and the tone is not in the same tune. The measurement of the pitch of the same syllable, the measurement of the pitch of the syllable with the same tone under different tunes, the statistics of three experiments of the single syllable tone and the pitch measurement, and the contrast observation of the pitch atlas, and the further analysis of the phenomena and reasons; the fifth part of this chapter is a summary of the pitch direction and the frequency main of the pitch. The fourth chapter is the application of the experimental study of tone and tune, and the fourth chapter is the analysis of the study of the phenomenon of "Book of Songs >". This chapter first gives a brief overview of the "Book of Songs >", followed by the analysis of the phenomenon of "Book of Songs >", and the main introduction of Tang Zuofan and Deng Kui to < Book of Songs. The statistics of the data of the phenomenon of the phenomenon of the abnormal phase of the phase and the misunderstandings for the pursuit of "sound rhyme" in the explanation of the phenomenon of "sound rhyme" in the explanation of the phenomenon of "sound rhyme". Again, a study of the tone of the ancient times was carried out, and the four voices, represented by Gu Yanwu, Jiang Yong and Wang Li, represented by Chen Di, represented by Gu Yanwu, Jiang Yong and Wang Li, were represented by Zhang Taiyan and Huang Kan for the generation. In the ancient two tones of the table, the ancient three tones represented by Duan Yucai and Kong Guangsen and the ancient five voices represented by Wang Guowei and Tang fan fan were said. Finally, it was proposed that no matter in ancient times there was no sound in the ancient period, the song was influenced by the tune during the singing. So as long as the melody of the rhyme is the same, it is also rhyme. The fifth chapter is a summary. This chapter briefly summarizes this chapter. The contents of the full text are combed, the shortcomings of this paper and the prospect of further research in the future are put forward. The influence of tone and tune on the pitch frequency and pitch direction of the song is studied from the perspective of experimental linguistics, and the experimental conclusions are used to explain the "Book of Songs >" It is hoped that this paper will make a modest contribution to the cross study of linguistics and phonology.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H111
本文编号：2157345
[Abstract]:A song itself has a tune, and the lyrics of the song have a tone. Then, when the song is sung, the pitch frequency and the pitch direction are influenced by the tone or the tune, or are the tone harmonization? From this point of view, the tone and tune of the song are explored from the point of view of the experimental phonology to the song. The influence of pitch frequency and pitch direction, and combining the experimental conclusions of tone and tune study, from the perspective of experimental phonetics, to try to explain the phenomenon of hetero phase in "Book of Songs >". The article takes the corpus of Mandarin as the main body, the experimental corpus is recorded in the condition of no noise, without accompaniment, and is collected and selected to ensure the reality. The quality of the language material. Use the speech analysis software - Praat software to divide the single syllable of the corpus and carry out the collation and summary. By measuring the pitch of the syllable with different tones under the same tune, the pitch measurement of the same syllable in different tunes, the three experiments of the single syllable tone and the pitch measurement. Comprehensive observation and comparison and analysis to demonstrate the influence of tone and tune on the pitch frequency and pitch direction of the song, and further apply this conclusion to the interpretation of "Book of Songs >" in different phase. This article is divided into five parts: the first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the research status of the tone experiment, the research status of the melody, the research of the Book of Songs rhyme. The second chapter is the overview of the experimental phonetics, the definition of the experimental phonetics and the development stage of experimental phonetics. The development of experimental phonetics is divided into four stages before 1920, 1920 to 1940, 1940 to 1960, 1960 to 1980. Third The chapter is the focus of this article, and it is also the main part of this article. It is mainly the research and analysis of the tone and tune of the experimental phonetics. This chapter is divided into five parts. The first part is a brief introduction to the main software Format Factory and Praat software of this experiment; the second part introduces the source of the experimental corpus, the main package. Two sections are included in the selection of subjects and the collection of experimental corpus. The third part details the operation steps of the experiment, including the format conversion of the original audio, the segmentation of the single syllable; the fourth part is the analysis and statistics of the experimental data. First, it briefly introduces how the pitch basic frequency data is drawn and the tone is not in the same tune. The measurement of the pitch of the same syllable, the measurement of the pitch of the syllable with the same tone under different tunes, the statistics of three experiments of the single syllable tone and the pitch measurement, and the contrast observation of the pitch atlas, and the further analysis of the phenomena and reasons; the fifth part of this chapter is a summary of the pitch direction and the frequency main of the pitch. The fourth chapter is the application of the experimental study of tone and tune, and the fourth chapter is the analysis of the study of the phenomenon of "Book of Songs >". This chapter first gives a brief overview of the "Book of Songs >", followed by the analysis of the phenomenon of "Book of Songs >", and the main introduction of Tang Zuofan and Deng Kui to < Book of Songs. The statistics of the data of the phenomenon of the phenomenon of the abnormal phase of the phase and the misunderstandings for the pursuit of "sound rhyme" in the explanation of the phenomenon of "sound rhyme" in the explanation of the phenomenon of "sound rhyme". Again, a study of the tone of the ancient times was carried out, and the four voices, represented by Gu Yanwu, Jiang Yong and Wang Li, represented by Chen Di, represented by Gu Yanwu, Jiang Yong and Wang Li, were represented by Zhang Taiyan and Huang Kan for the generation. In the ancient two tones of the table, the ancient three tones represented by Duan Yucai and Kong Guangsen and the ancient five voices represented by Wang Guowei and Tang fan fan were said. Finally, it was proposed that no matter in ancient times there was no sound in the ancient period, the song was influenced by the tune during the singing. So as long as the melody of the rhyme is the same, it is also rhyme. The fifth chapter is a summary. This chapter briefly summarizes this chapter. The contents of the full text are combed, the shortcomings of this paper and the prospect of further research in the future are put forward. The influence of tone and tune on the pitch frequency and pitch direction of the song is studied from the perspective of experimental linguistics, and the experimental conclusions are used to explain the "Book of Songs >" It is hoped that this paper will make a modest contribution to the cross study of linguistics and phonology.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H111
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