从认知负荷模式看顺句驱动原则在英汉同传中的应用

发布时间：2018-09-01 17:41

【摘要】：同声传译(同传)自第一次世界大战末产生,因其省时、传递信息迅速等优点在各类国际会议中得到广泛使用。同声传译也是一项复杂的认知操作过程,因其多任务同时处理的特性,对译员各项认知资源的分配能力要求较高。在同声传译过程中,听辨、记忆和译语产出三方面的认知活动几乎同时发生,为了在有限的时间内协调好这三项任务,译员通常遵循顺句驱动的原则,应用多种策略对源语进行处理,以提高同传的质量和效率,同时减轻相应的认知负担。本文以丹尼尔·吉尔博士的同传认知负荷模式为理论依据,采用文献研究法和案例分析法,对2016年奥巴马总统国情咨文演讲的同传案例进行分析。同时,通过分析顺句驱动在定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、被动语态,以及先行词"it"做形式主语和形式宾语等句法层面的运用,总结了实现顺句驱动的主要策略,即断句、重复、增补、转换、省略等,探讨该模式指导下顺句驱动原则在英汉同传中应用的必要性。在中国,口译研究,尤其是同声传译研究起步较晚。随着全球化的深入和发展,新世纪对同声传译人才的需求日益增长,相应的研究也呈现多元化趋势。不论是实证研究还是观察分析,作为一项高强度的多任务处理活动,认知科学显然是同传研究的一个必然方向。鉴于将同传认知模式的研究成果和英汉同传具体原则及策略相结合的研究较少,本文在理论和应用方面做了双重分析,以期为同传实践提供一定的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:Simultaneous interpretation (simultaneous interpretation) emerged from the end of the first World War and has been widely used in various international conferences because of its advantages of saving time and transmitting information quickly. Simultaneous interpretation is also a complex cognitive process. Due to its multitasking and simultaneous processing, the ability to allocate cognitive resources is required. In the process of simultaneous interpretation, cognitive activities in listening, memory and target language output occur at almost the same time. In order to coordinate these three tasks in a limited time, interpreters usually follow the principle of sentence driven. In order to improve the quality and efficiency of simultaneous interpretation and reduce the corresponding cognitive burden, various strategies are used to deal with the source language. Based on the cognitive load model of simultaneous interpretation proposed by Dr. Daniel Gill, this paper analyzes the simultaneous interpretation cases of President Obama's State of the Union address in 2016 by using literature research and case analysis. At the same time, by analyzing the syntactic application of attributive clause, adverbial clause, noun clause, passive voice, as well as the antecedent word "it" as formal subject and formal object, this paper summarizes the main strategies to realize the drive of the following sentence, namely, break sentence, and so on. Repetition, supplement, conversion, ellipsis, etc., this paper discusses the necessity of applying the principle of following sentence drive under the guidance of this model in English and Chinese homography. In China, the study of interpretation, especially simultaneous interpretation, started late. With the deepening and development of globalization, the demand for simultaneous interpreters is increasing in the new century. As a high-intensity multi-task processing activity, cognitive science is obviously an inevitable direction of simultaneous interpretation research, whether it is empirical research or observational analysis. In view of the lack of research on the cognitive model of simultaneous interpretation and the specific principles and strategies of English-Chinese simultaneous interpretation, this paper makes a double analysis in theory and application in order to provide some reference for the practice of simultaneous interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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