《现代汉语词典》第7版旧词新义研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 15:15

【摘要】：词汇是社会发展的体现者,它随着社会的变化而变化。当今社会的迅猛发展促使了许多新词语的产生,其中有些是通过赋予旧词以新义的形式产生的,这就是“旧词新义”。“旧词新义”作为一种便捷、经济的词义发展形式,丰富了汉语的词义和词汇系统,同时也体现着当代汉语的时代潮流。文章研究的是《现代汉语词典》第7版的旧词新义现象,主要想通过搜集语言事实,探究旧词新义的语言规律,进而丰富汉语词汇学研究的内容。文章主要包括六个部分。第一部分,主要阐述了本论文的选题依据、意义、研究目标、研究方法和语料来源,并从词汇语义学、社会语言学、认知语言学等角度总结梳理了前人的相关研究成果。第二部分,主要考察了旧词新义词的音节特点、词性分布以及结构规律。在音节方面,包括单音节、双音节和三音节,其中以双音节为主;在词性方面,分为新旧义词性相同和新旧义词性不同两种情况;在结构方面,主要通过对比新旧义结构相同和新旧义结构不同来分析其规律。第三部分,主要探究了旧词新义的产生方式。分为引申法、修辞法、减缩法和借义法四种情况,其中引申法和修辞法在旧词产生新义的过程中起了较为重要的作用,引申法包括变“范”存“特”式、变“特”存“范”式和“范”“特”均变式。比喻法包括比喻式、比拟式、借代式、别解式、委婉式和其他六种情况。第四部分,主要从旧词新义词的新旧义使用数量和使用语域方面进行对比分析,基于网络版《人民日报》的图文数据库,在语言动态空间中探究旧词新义词的使用规律,着眼于新义产生后所带来的变化,力求做出全面的分析和描写。第五部分,主要从社会因素、认知因素与语言自身规律三方面探究了旧词产生新义这一现象的原因。第六部分,是文章得出的结论,并正视本文不足以及明确进一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:Vocabulary is the embodiment of social development, it changes with the changes of society. The rapid development of modern society has promoted the production of many new words, some of which are produced by endowing old words with new meanings, which is called "new meaning of old words". As a convenient and economical form of word meaning development, "the new meaning of old words" enriches the word meaning and lexical system of Chinese, and also reflects the trend of the times of contemporary Chinese. This paper studies the phenomenon of the new meaning of old words in the 7th edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary. It mainly tries to explore the language rules of the new meanings of old words by collecting the language facts and to enrich the contents of the study of Chinese lexicology. The article mainly includes six parts. The first part mainly expounds the basis, significance, research objectives, research methods and data sources of this thesis, and summarizes the previous research results from the perspectives of lexical semantics, sociolinguistics, cognitive linguistics and so on. In the second part, the syllable characteristics, the distribution of parts of speech and the structure of the new meaning words of old words are investigated. In the aspect of syllable, including monosyllabic, double syllable and three-syllable, in which disyllabic is dominant; in the aspect of part of speech, it is divided into two situations: the same meaning of new and old and the difference of part of speech between new and old; in the aspect of structure, It mainly analyzes the law by comparing the same structure of new and old and the difference of new and old. The third part, mainly explores the old word new meaning generation way. It is divided into four situations: extension method, rhetoric method, reduction method and borrowing method, in which extension and rhetoric play a more important role in the process of producing new meaning of old words. Change "special" save "fan" type and "Fan" special "variant. Metaphorical methods include analogy, metonymy, alternative, euphemism and six other situations. The fourth part, mainly from the old word new meaning word use quantity and the use register aspect carries on the contrast analysis, based on the network edition < People's Daily > picture and text database, explores the old word new meaning word use rule in the language dynamic space, Focus on the changes brought about by the new meaning, and strive to make a comprehensive analysis and description. In the fifth part, the author explores the causes of the new meaning of old words from three aspects: social factors, cognitive factors and the rules of language itself. The sixth part is the conclusion of the article, and face up to the shortcomings of this paper and clear the direction of further research.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136

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