民国时期知识精英西北边疆考察及思想研究（1931-1945）

发布时间：2019-03-22 18:09

【摘要】：20世纪30至40年代的中国,民族危机逐渐加剧。"九一八"事变致使东北沦陷,前所未有的民族危机引发了国人对西北边疆形势的担忧,西北开发问题引起了社会各界人士的广泛关注。从挽救国家命运、复兴中华民族的需要出发,政界、学界、舆论界进行了广泛的呼吁,共同推动西北问题的讨论,使西北开发问题成为社会各界关注的热点问题。在这一时期西北开发问题的讨论中,知识精英是一支重要的参与力量。他们组织学术社团,推进西北开发研究,在报刊上进行积极呼吁,为西北开发建言献策,同时还发起各种西北考察活动,继而探讨开发西北边疆的途径和方法,知识分子开发西北边疆思想彰显了鲜明的时代性同时也具有实践意义。知识精英的考察、研究和探讨,使国人对以往较为陌生的西北边疆的现状有了较为充分的了解和认识,同时也为西北开发提出了一系列有价值的建议和设想。知识精英指出,西北是中华民族不可分割的一部分,西北的开发和建设关系到中华民族的存亡和长远发展,在巩固国家、建设经济、稳定国防等多个方面,都具有重要的意义。知识精英也充分关注西北的民族问题,认为解决西北民族问题和西北地区发展的关键就在于教育,只有通过发展民族教育,提高各民族素质,培养西北开发人才,才能为西北的开发和长远发展打下牢固的根基。他们认为,西北开发具有巨大的潜力,而交通建设则是西北开发的第一要务,西北开发应该从推进西北铁路、公路等交通设施的建设出发。同时,知识界还对西北开发中的资金问题、环境问题等进行了思考,提出了自己的建议。这一时期知识精英关于西北开发问题的思考和建议,表明了他们对国家、民族命运的忧心,体现了中国知识分子关注现实的情怀。知识精英在西北开发问题上的见解和主张,具有科学性和前瞻性,虽然不少设想限于当时的条件而无法实施,但对后世仍有启示意义和参考价值。
[Abstract]:In China from the 1930s to the 1940s, the national crisis gradually intensified. " The "September 18th" incident led to the fall of northeast China. The unprecedented national crisis caused the people to worry about the situation of the northwest frontier, and the development of the northwest caused widespread concern from people from all walks of life. Starting from the needs of saving the destiny of the country and reviving the Chinese nation, the political, academic and public opinion circles have made a broad appeal to jointly promote the discussion of the northwest issue, so that the northwest development issue has become a hot issue of concern from all walks of life in the society. In this period, the intellectual elite is an important participating force in the discussion of northwest development. They organized academic associations, promoted the research and development of the Northwest, made positive appeals in newspapers and periodicals, made suggestions for the development of the Northwest, at the same time launched various activities for the investigation of the Northwest, and then explored the ways and methods for the development of the Northwest Frontier. The development of the northwest frontier thought of intellectuals shows distinct times and has practical significance at the same time. The investigation, research and discussion of the intellectual elites have made the Chinese people have a fuller understanding and understanding of the present situation of the northwest frontier, and at the same time put forward a series of valuable suggestions and ideas for the development of the northwest. The intellectual elites point out that the northwest is an inseparable part of the Chinese nation, the development and construction of the northwest is related to the survival and long-term development of the Chinese nation, in consolidating the country, building the economy, stabilizing the national defense, and so on, are of great significance. The intellectual elites also pay full attention to the ethnic problems in the northwest, holding that the key to solving the ethnic problems in the northwest and the development of the northwest lies in education, only through the development of ethnic education, the improvement of the quality of all nationalities, and the cultivation of talents for the development of the northwest. Ability for northwest development and long-term development to lay a solid foundation. They think that the northwest development has great potential, and the traffic construction is the first important task of the northwest development, the northwest development should start from promoting the northwest railway, highway and other transportation facilities construction. At the same time, the intellectual circles also think about the problems of capital and environment in the northwest development, and put forward their own suggestions. The thoughts and suggestions of the intellectual elites on the northwest development in this period show that they are worried about the fate of the nation and the nation, and reflect the Chinese intellectuals' concern about the reality. The opinions and opinions of intellectual elites on the issue of northwest development are scientific and forward-looking. Although many assumptions are limited to the conditions at that time and cannot be implemented, they are still of enlightening significance and reference value to later generations.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K258

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