《土话指南》副词研究
发布时间：2019-05-24 00:06
【摘要】：《土话指南》是一本松江府方言学习课本,1908年由上海土山湾慈母堂印刷出版。全书分为三章,分别为《应对须知》、《官商吐属》和《使令通话》,正文以对话形式展现。其中的松江府方言是100年前的上海话。本文以《土话指南》中的副词为研究对象,将其分为:范围副词、时间副词、程度副词、情状方式副词、语气副词、否定副词六类,并对每类副词的定义与分类作了具体的阐释。同时对全书的副词作了定量统计与定性分析,其中包括语义、语法、语用、句法位置等方面的描写。通过描写分析,发现该书副词呈现出丰富多样化的特点,副词的组合形式自由灵活,存在多组同义副词,副词的意义用法与现代汉语副词同中有异。本文还对部分松江府方言特有的副词作了个案探源分析,分析了它们在历代语料中意义和用法,发现这些副词的形成方式各异:有短语凝固成词的,有同义副词并列成词的,有实词虚化为副词的;成词内因不同:句法位置改变、修饰成分扩大、主观化、与同义副词竞争取胜等。另外,这些副词形成的时间层次也各异,少量副词来源于先秦时期的古汉语词汇,但大多数副词的出处只能追溯到元杂剧或明清吴语小说中。本文展现了《土话指南》时期松江府方言副词的整体面貌,揭示了百年前的上海话与现代上海话的差异;同时通过探析部分方言特有副词的来源演变,为上海话副词的历时来源及演变研究积累了材料、提供了依据,对上海话副词及汉语语法史研究具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The vernacular Guide is a Songjiang dialect learning textbook, printed and published by Cimu Tang in Tushan Bay, Shanghai in 1908. The whole book is divided into three chapters, namely, "instructions for dealing with", "official and Business to speak" and "make the call". The main body is displayed in the form of dialogue. One of the Songjiang dialect is Shanghai dialect 100 years ago. In this paper, the adverbs in the Guide to vernacular are divided into six categories: scope adverbs, time adverbs, degree adverbs, modal adverbs, mood adverbs and negative adverbs. The definition and classification of each kind of adverbs are explained concretely. At the same time, the adverbs of the book are quantitatively statistically and qualitatively analyzed, including semantic, grammatical, pragmatic, syntactic position and so on. Through description and analysis, it is found that the adverbs in the book show rich and diverse characteristics, the combination form of adverbs is free and flexible, there are many groups of synonymous adverbs, and the meaning usage of adverbs is different from that of modern Chinese adverbs. This paper also makes a case study of some adverbs unique to Songjiang dialect, analyzes their meaning and usage in the corpus of the past dynasties, and finds that these adverbs are formed in different ways: some phrases solidify into words, and some synonymous adverbs juxtaposed into words. Where a real word is turned into an adverb; The internal causes of word formation are different: syntactic position change, modifier expansion, subjectivity, competition with synonymous adverbs, and so on. In addition, the time levels of these adverbs are also different. A small number of adverbs come from ancient Chinese words in the pre-Qin period, but the provenance of most adverbs can only be traced back to Yuan Zaju or Wu novels in Ming and Qing dynasties. This paper shows the overall appearance of the adverbs of Songjiang Fu dialect in the period of the Local dialect Guide, and reveals the difference between Shanghainese and modern Shanghainese a hundred years ago. At the same time, through the analysis of the origin and evolution of the unique adverbs in some dialects, it accumulates materials and provides the basis for the study of the diachronic origin and evolution of Shanghai adverbs, which is of great significance to the study of Shanghainese adverbs and the history of Chinese grammar.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H17
本文编号：2484367
[Abstract]:The vernacular Guide is a Songjiang dialect learning textbook, printed and published by Cimu Tang in Tushan Bay, Shanghai in 1908. The whole book is divided into three chapters, namely, "instructions for dealing with", "official and Business to speak" and "make the call". The main body is displayed in the form of dialogue. One of the Songjiang dialect is Shanghai dialect 100 years ago. In this paper, the adverbs in the Guide to vernacular are divided into six categories: scope adverbs, time adverbs, degree adverbs, modal adverbs, mood adverbs and negative adverbs. The definition and classification of each kind of adverbs are explained concretely. At the same time, the adverbs of the book are quantitatively statistically and qualitatively analyzed, including semantic, grammatical, pragmatic, syntactic position and so on. Through description and analysis, it is found that the adverbs in the book show rich and diverse characteristics, the combination form of adverbs is free and flexible, there are many groups of synonymous adverbs, and the meaning usage of adverbs is different from that of modern Chinese adverbs. This paper also makes a case study of some adverbs unique to Songjiang dialect, analyzes their meaning and usage in the corpus of the past dynasties, and finds that these adverbs are formed in different ways: some phrases solidify into words, and some synonymous adverbs juxtaposed into words. Where a real word is turned into an adverb; The internal causes of word formation are different: syntactic position change, modifier expansion, subjectivity, competition with synonymous adverbs, and so on. In addition, the time levels of these adverbs are also different. A small number of adverbs come from ancient Chinese words in the pre-Qin period, but the provenance of most adverbs can only be traced back to Yuan Zaju or Wu novels in Ming and Qing dynasties. This paper shows the overall appearance of the adverbs of Songjiang Fu dialect in the period of the Local dialect Guide, and reveals the difference between Shanghainese and modern Shanghainese a hundred years ago. At the same time, through the analysis of the origin and evolution of the unique adverbs in some dialects, it accumulates materials and provides the basis for the study of the diachronic origin and evolution of Shanghai adverbs, which is of great significance to the study of Shanghainese adverbs and the history of Chinese grammar.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H17
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