普通话和方言语码转换的顺应性研究

发布时间：2019-06-10 21:44

【摘要】：语码转换指在同一次对话或交谈中,使用两种或者两种以上语言或者语言变体的语言现象。自20世纪70年代,学者们就开始关注这一语言现象并从不同的学科、不同视角对语码转换进行了研究。语用学囊括了语言、社会、文化、认知等多个因素,是迄今为止能够对语码转换现象做出全面、深入、科学解释的研究方法之一。目前为止,很多研究都局限于两种语言的语码转换研究。在中国,主要是汉英两种语言间的语码转换研究,但对于日常生活中最常见的普通话和方言之间语码转换的研究却屈指可数。本文以湖南经视频道节目《越策越开心》以及上海娱乐频道节目《阿拉乓乓响》这两个综艺节目为例,对其中出现的普通话和方言之间的语码转换现象进行分析。本文运用定性的研究方法,从2015年4月3日到2016年4月3日,分别收集、整理了26期《越策越开心》和13期《阿拉乓乓响》的节目视频,对其中出现的普通话和方言(湖南话和上海话)语码转换进行转写,并选取其中的40个例子进行具体分析。维索尔伦的顺应论作为语用学领域影响最为深远的理论之一,为我们理解和解释语言的使用提供了全新的视角,具有强大的解释力。于国栋在此基础上提出的语言顺应模式也是迄今为止公认的较为全面、成熟的研究语码转换的方法。本文依据顺应论,参照于国栋的语言顺应模式,旨在探讨普通话和方言语码转换的顺应过程以及其所产生的语用功能,试图引起学者们对普通话与方言语码转换现象的关注,以促进语言的使用。通过对选取语料的分析,本文得出以下结论:说话人采取普通话和方言语码转换,是不同意识程度下选择的一种交际策略。说话人最有可能通过对语言现实、社会规约和心理动机这三大方面的顺应来实现或接近特定的交际目的。这一原则遵循于国栋的顺应模式。具体来说,普通话和方言语码转换对语言现实的顺应是由纯粹的语言因素引起的;对社会规约的顺应,主要是是对社会的文化,如风俗习惯和行为方式的顺应,这两种顺应属于被动顺应。对心理动机的顺应是主动顺应。这种类型的语码转换是交际者为了实现交际目的而积极采取的交际策略。在顺应的过程中,普通话和方言语码转换实现了7种不同的语用功能,包括填补语言空白,避免社会禁忌以委婉表达,保全面子,强调,解释,调整人际关系,制造幽默。本文具有以下研究意义:首先,本研究拓展了顺应论的应用范围,丰富了有关语码转换的研究。其次,本文对人们在日常交流中使用方言和普通话语码转换具有一定的指导作用,能够帮助人们意识到有意识地使用语码转换能在一定程度上帮助人们实现各种交际目的。第三,本文试图改变人们对电视节目中普通话和方言语码转换的偏见和误解,帮助人们树立对语码转换的正确态度。事实上,在一些地方性的综艺节目中,适度低、恰当地、巧妙地引入方言,能够吸引观众,增添节目特色,提高收视率。最后,本文也力图引起人们对方言的重视,保护和发展方言和方言文化,实现方言和普通话的和谐发展。
[Abstract]:Code conversion refers to the use of two or more language or language variants in the same conversation or conversation. Since the 1970s, scholars began to pay attention to this language phenomenon and study the code conversion from different subjects and different perspectives. Pragmatics includes many factors, such as language, society, culture, and cognition. It is one of the methods to make a comprehensive, in-depth and scientific explanation of the phenomenon of code conversion so far. So far, many studies are limited to two-language code conversion studies. In China, there are mainly two kinds of Chinese-English language-code conversion studies, but the research on the code conversion between the most common Chinese and Chinese dialects in daily life is countable. In this paper, the phenomenon of the speech-code conversion between the Putonghua and the dialect in Hunan is analyzed. This article uses the qualitative research method, from April 3,2015 to April 3,2016, collect and arrange the program video of the 26 period of and the 13 period of , and then transfer the Putonghua and the dialect (Hunan dialect and Shanghai dialect) in which the Chinese and Chinese dialects (Hunan and Shanghai) appear, And 40 examples thereof are selected to be analyzed in detail. As one of the most far-reaching theories in the field of pragmatics, Versauron's adaptation theory provides a brand-new perspective for our understanding and interpretation of the use of language, and has a powerful explanation. The language adaptation model proposed by the State Building on this basis is also a more comprehensive and mature approach to the transformation of the study code to date. In this paper, based on the theory of adaptation, with reference to the language-compliant mode of the national building, the paper aims to study the adaptation process of the transformation of the Chinese and Chinese speech codes and their pragmatic functions, and try to arouse the attention of the scholars to the phenomenon of the translation of the speech code of the Chinese and the Chinese, so as to promote the use of the language. Through the analysis of the selection of the corpus, this paper concludes that the speaker adopts the translation of the Mandarin and the party's speech code, which is a kind of communication strategy selected under different consciousness. The speaker is most likely to achieve or close to a particular communicative purpose through the adaptation of the three major aspects of language, social and psychological motives. This principle follows the mode of compliance of the building. In particular, the compliance of the translation of the Chinese and the Chinese words to the reality of the language is caused by the pure language factor, and the adaptation to the social conventions is mainly the adaptation of the culture of the society, such as the customs and the mode of conduct, which belong to the passive adaptation. The response to the psychological motivation is the active adaptation. This type of speech code conversion is a communicative strategy that the communicant actively adopts to achieve the purpose of communication. In the course of adaptation, the transformation of Chinese and Chinese speech codes has realized seven different pragmatic functions, including filling language gaps, avoiding social taboos to express themselves, preserving face, emphasizing, explaining, adjusting human relations, and making sense of humor. This paper has the following research significance: first, this research extends the application range of the compliance theory, and enriches the research on the code conversion. Second, this paper has a certain guiding function to the use of the dialect and common discourse code in the daily communication, and can help people to realize that the use of the code conversion can help people to realize various communicative purposes to some extent. Third, this paper tries to change the bias and misconception of the conversion of Chinese and Chinese words in the TV program, and help people to set the correct attitude to the conversion of the code. In fact, in some local variety show, moderately low, appropriately, skilfully introduced the dialect, can attract the audience, add the program characteristic, improve the audience rating. In the end, this paper also tries to cause people to pay more attention to the dialect, to protect and develop the dialect and the dialect culture, and to realize the harmonious development of the dialect and the Putonghua.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H17

【相似文献】