不同改良剂对黔西地区板结黄壤的改良效果研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 18:14

本文关键词：不同改良剂对黔西地区板结黄壤的改良效果研究　出处：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于自身土壤特性及其不合理的农业管理措施,贵州黄壤的板结问题较为突出,严重影响了作物生长发育和经济的发展。近些年,有关板结土壤的改良研究取得了一些进展,但关于不同改良剂对板结黄壤的改良效果的对比研究还较少。鉴于此,本研究选择贵州省毕节市黔西地区的黄壤为研究对象,采用温室大棚试验与大田试验相结合的方法,通过添加不同数量的黄腐酸钾、泡沫砂和竹炭等土壤改良剂,研究不同改良剂及其添加量对贵州板结黄壤的改良效果,主要研究结果如下:1.在温室大棚试验中,各改良剂均不同程度地降低土壤容重。其中,掺入泡沫砂对土壤物理属性的改良效果最为突出。掺入0.23 kg泡沫砂、0.45 kg泡沫砂和0.68 kg泡沫砂处理改良后的土壤容重分别下降了1.85%、5.7%和6.6%。在土壤通气孔隙和持水孔隙方面,泡沫砂的改良效果较好,这和泡沫砂本身的无机多孔特性有关。在大田试验试验中,添加有机肥与泡沫砂对土壤孔隙度和持水孔隙均有较好的改良效果。2.在土壤化学性质的改良中,黄腐酸钾对土壤碱解氮含量的改良效果最为突出,掺入14 g黄腐酸钾和21 g黄腐酸钾处理后的土壤碱解氮含量分别增加了10%和17%;竹炭对土壤速效磷和土壤速效钾含量的改良效果最好。3.在温室大棚试验中,添加黄腐酸钾对于蔬菜的生物量的增加具有突出改良效果。在蔬菜营养元素的改良中,添加泡沫砂的改良效果最为稳定。在大田试验中,泡沫砂能有效提高烟叶的产量,在烟叶品质方面,泡沫砂与有机肥都有较好的改良效果。4.土壤改良剂黄腐酸钾对土壤全砷和全镉含量均有较好的改良效果,降低了土壤中全砷含量的6.4%,全汞含量的5.3%。掺入14g黄腐酸钾处理改良效果最为突出。竹炭对土壤全汞和有效镉都具有较好的改良效果,降低了土壤全汞含量的20.5%,有效镉的9.8%。泡沫砂对土壤全镉有效镉和土壤全汞含量的降低效果较差,但对土壤有效铅的降低效果十分明显。
[Abstract]:Because the agricultural management measures its soil characteristics and unreasonable, Guizhou yellow soil compaction problem is more prominent, seriously affected the growth and development of economic crops. In recent years, some progress was made on the improvement of soil compaction, but the comparative study on improvement effect of different modifiers on yellow soil compaction is less. In view of this, this research chooses Qianxi area of Guizhou Province, Bijie city yellow soil as the research object, using the method of greenhouse experiment and field experiments, the fulvic acid potassium, adding different amounts of foam sand and charcoal and other soil amendments of different modifier and improvement effect of the adding amount of Guizhou yellow soil compaction and the main results are as follows: 1. in greenhouse experiment, the modifier decreased significantly soil bulk density. Among them, the improvement effect of foamed sand on soil physical properties is the most prominent. The soil bulk density of the soil treated with 0.23 kg foam sand, 0.45 kg foam sand and 0.68 kg foam sand decreased by 1.85%, 5.7% and 6.6% respectively. In the aspect of soil aeration and water holding pores, the improved effect of foam sand is better, which is related to the inorganic porous properties of the foam sand itself. In the field test, the addition of organic fertilizer and foam sand have better effect on soil porosity and water holding porosity. 2. in the improvement of soil chemical properties, improved effect of fulvic acid potassium nitrogen content of soil alkali is most prominent, the soil mixed with alkali acid potassium 14 g fulvic acid potassium and 21 g fulvic after 10% and 17% increase in nitrogen content respectively; bamboo improvement effects on soil available phosphorus and the best soil available potassium content. 3. in greenhouse experiment, the addition of potassium fulvate has an outstanding effect on the increase of the biomass of vegetables. In the improvement of vegetable nutrient elements, the improved effect of adding foam sand is the most stable. In the field test, foam sand can effectively improve the yield of tobacco leaves. In the quality of tobacco, the foam sand and organic fertilizer have better improvement effect. 4. the soil modifier, potassium fulvate, has a better effect on the total arsenic and total cadmium content in the soil, which reduces the total arsenic content in the soil by 6.4%, and the total mercury content is 5.3%. The improvement effect of 14g with potassium fulvate was the most outstanding. Bamboo charcoal has a good improvement effect on all mercury and effective cadmium in soil, which reduces the total mercury content by 20.5% of the soil and 9.8% of the effective cadmium. The effect of foam sand on the reduction of total Cd and total mercury content in soil is poor, but the effect of reducing soil available lead is very obvious.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S156.2

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