塔河上游流域奶牛无浆体分子流行病学调查与分析

发布时间：2017-12-28 08:27

本文关键词：塔河上游流域奶牛无浆体分子流行病学调查与分析　出处：《塔里木大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：牛的无浆体病(Anaplasmosis)是经蜱等节肢动物传播的无浆体引起牛发热、消瘦、黄疸等临床症状的疾病。该病呈全球性分布,被世界动物卫生组织(OIE)列为动物检疫的主要疫病之一。我国大部分地区均有流行,特别是在蜱虫流行严重的牧区,牲畜发病率高,造成重大的经济损失。国内外有关奶牛无浆体病的流行情况及其病原遗传特征进行了较多研究,但有关塔里木河上游流域奶牛无浆体病感染情况和病原种类的报道尚较少。本研究旨在掌握该区域奶牛的无浆体病流行情况,鉴定病原种类,解析其分子遗传特征,以期为养牛业中无浆体病的诊断和防治提供基础资料和防控依据。为掌握塔里木河上游流域奶牛感染的无浆体种类,采用PCR检测方法,对该区域17个地区488份奶牛血液样品进行了检查。结果显示,无浆体总感染率为3.5%(17/488),牛无浆体、嗜吞噬细胞无浆体、边缘无浆体感染率分别为2.6%(13/488)、2.9%(14/488)和0.4%(2/488),牛无浆体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体混合感染率为2.5%(12/488)。试验结果表明,塔里木河上游流域奶牛无浆体感染率较低。为研究塔里木河上游流域奶牛源无浆体的分子遗传特征,将PCR检测结果为阳性的样本均送测序,13份牛无浆体PCR阳性样本测序全部成功,14份嗜吞噬细胞无浆体PCR阳性样本中有13份测序成功,而2份边缘无浆体样本序列测序未成功。结果发现,在牛无浆体16S rRNA基因位点,13条序列中仅有1条为牛无浆体,与来自中国河南省的牛源牛无浆体(GenBank序列登录号为KX450273)同源性100%,12条为扁平无浆体,与来自中国的梅花鹿源的扁平无浆体(KJ659044)同源性100%;在噬吞噬细胞无浆体16S rRNA基因位点,13条序列中有1条与来自的新疆的绵羊源噬吞噬细胞无浆体(KJ782381)同源性100%,11条与来自的新疆的牛源噬吞噬细胞无浆体(KJ782390)同源性100%,还有1条序列与甘肃双峰驼源无浆体未定种(KU554739)同源性99.9%,仅有1个碱基差异。研究结果表明,塔里木河上游流域奶牛源无浆体存在遗传多样性分布特征,其中噬吞噬细胞无浆体和扁平无浆体均为人兽共患种类,提示存在人兽共患风险。本研究应用PCR法对塔里木河上游流域奶牛血液样品进行了无浆体检测,结果发现该区域奶牛无浆体感染率较低,存在遗传多样性分布特征,噬吞噬细胞无浆体和扁平无浆体为优势感染种类,存在人兽共患风险。本研究为无浆体病的传播、诊断和防治等方面提供了参考依据,对进一步深入开展无浆体病的监测、免疫学和公共卫生研究奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Bovine plasma disease (Anaplasmosis) is a disease of clinical symptoms such as fever, emaciation and jaundice caused by a tick and other arthropods that are transmitted by the arthropod. The disease is distributed globally and is listed as one of the main epidemic diseases of animal quarantine in the World Animal Health Organization (OIE). Most areas of China are popular, especially in the severe pastoral areas of ticks. The incidence of livestock is high, causing significant economic losses. There are many studies on the prevalence and genetic characteristics of bovine non plasma disease in China and abroad. However, there are few reports about the infection and pathogen types of dairy cows with no body disease in the upper reaches of Tarim River. The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence of no plasma disease in dairy cattle in this area, identify pathogenic species, and analyze its molecular genetic characteristics, so as to provide basic information and prevention and control basis for the diagnosis and control of no paste disease in cattle industry. In order to master the types of milk paste infected by cows in the upper reaches of Tarim River, 488 blood samples from cows in 17 regions of the region were examined by PCR. The results showed that no plasma total infection rate was 3.5% (17/488), bovine Anaplasma phagocytophilum, cell edge paste, Anaplasma infection rates were 2.6% (13/488), 2.9% (14/488) and 0.4% (2/488), bovine anaplasmamarginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum mixed infection rate 2.5% (12 /488). The experimental results show that the infection rate of milk cow in the upper reaches of the Tarim River is low. The molecular genetic characteristics of the upper reaches of the Tarim River Basin of cow source without slurry, the detection results of PCR positive samples were sequenced, 13 samples of bovine anaplasmamarginale PCR positive samples sequenced all successful 14 copies of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in 13 PCR positive samples successfully sequenced, and 2 non edge the slurry sample sequence without success. The results showed that in bovine anaplasmamarginale 16S rRNA loci, 13 sequences only 1 bovine Anaplasma marginale, and from Henan province Chinese cattle cattle (GenBank accession number KX450273) homology 100%, 12 flat anaplasmamarginale, flat and sika deer from the Chinese anaplasmamarginale (KJ659044) 100% homology; in the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma macrophage phagocytic cells, 13 sequences in 1 with Anaplasma from Xinjiang sheep macrophage phagocytic cell source (KJ782381) 100% homology, 11 with Anaplasma from Xinjiang cattle macrophage phagocytic cells (KJ782390) 100% homology, and 1 sequences and the source of Gansu Bactrian camel anaplasmamarginale undetermined species (KU554739) homology 99.9%, only 1 base difference. The results showed that there were genetic diversity characteristics of milk paste in the upper reaches of Tarim River, including phagocytosis, phagocytosis and flat non paste, suggesting a risk of zoonosis. The research and application of PCR method to the upper reaches of the Tarim River Basin of cow's blood samples of anaplasmamarginale detection, it is found that the regional dairy Anaplasma infection rate is low, there is diversity in distribution of genetic, macrophage phagocytic cells of Anaplasma marginale and flat for the advantage of the infections, there are zoonotic risk. This study provides a reference for the transmission, diagnosis and prevention of no paste disease, and lays the foundation for further research on monitoring, immunology and public health of no paste disease.
【学位授予单位】：塔里木大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S858.23

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