甜叶菊光合特性与糖苷含量动态变化分析及优良品系筛选

发布时间：2017-12-28 08:53

本文关键词：甜叶菊光合特性与糖苷含量动态变化分析及优良品系筛选　出处：《安徽科技学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：甜叶菊(Stevia rebaudiannaBertoni)又称甜菊,属于菊科多年生短日照植物,是一种新型的天然甜味剂,具有低热能、高甜度,不参与代谢,安全无毒等特点。本文以前期选定的6个株系为材料,采用随机区组试验设计(以新品种"惠农4号"为对照材料,下文简称"惠4"),开展不同基因型甜叶菊光合生理特性、糖苷含量在各生育期动态变化测定及农艺性状的考察,筛选出高产优质的甜叶菊品系,为甜菊新品种选育奠定基础,为指导甜叶菊适宜的收获期提供理论参考。主要研究结果如下:1.农艺性状考察甜叶菊田间农艺性状与产量性状有着不同程度的相关关系。叶长与干叶产量、茎干产量、鲜株产量呈极显著正相关关系,与鲜叶产量呈显著正相关关系。株高与干叶产量、鲜株产量、茎干产量、鲜叶产量均达到显著正相关水平。生育期长与产量性状干叶产量、鲜株产量、茎干产量、鲜叶产量均呈负相关,但不显著。产量性状中干叶产量、鲜株产量、茎干产量、鲜叶产量之间均呈极显著正相关关系。在所参试的7个株系中,干叶产量从高到低依次排序为4×2B1-16H7惠4Y13-5-1B13-54+。2.光合生理特性变化对照品种惠4与其他6个参试株系平均光合速率(Pn)从高到低依次排序为H74×2B1-16惠4Y134+B13-5-5-1;不同株系平均蒸腾速率(Tr)大小从高到低依次为惠4H7Y13B13-54+4×2B1-16-5-1;在整个考察期内平均气孔导度(Gs)从高到低依次排序为H74×2B1-16惠44+B13-5Y13-5-1;胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)从高到低依次排序为4×2B1-16Y13-5-1B13-54+惠4H7。3.糖苷动态变化(1)不同甜叶菊株系总甙含量的变幅为9.43%-17.75%。惠4、4+、Y13、4×2B1-16、B13-5五个材料在整个考察期内总苷(GT)含量呈双峰曲线变化,惠4总苷含量最大值出现在花后期,4+、B13-5、Y13三个材料总苷含量最大值都出现在生长中期。4×2B1-16总苷含量最大值则出现在花期。-5-1材料的总苷峰值出现在生长中期,H7的总苷含量峰值则出现在现蕾期。不同株系总苷含量最大值从高到低排序为 B13-54+Y13-5-1H74×2B1-16惠 4。(2)在整个生育期内,惠4和B13-5的莱鲍迪苷A(RA)呈下降趋势,RA苷最大值出现在生长初期,分别为7.44%、11.76%;Y13、4+、-5-1、H7、4×2B1-16等RA含量最高值均出现在生长中期,RA含量分别为9.75%、10.17%、10.14%、8.31%、8.78%;所有参试材料RA含量最高值从高到低依次为B13-54+-5-1Y134×2B1-16H7惠 4。(3)各时期不同株系甜菊苷(STV)含量的变幅为0.26%～8.45%。惠4、4+、Y13、4×2B1-16、-5-1、H7等6个材料在整个考察期内STV含量呈直线上升,且峰值出现的时期相同,都出现在花后期。仅有B13-5例外,在整个考察期内呈现高-低-高趋势变化,并且最低值出现在现蕾期,与它的总苷最低值出现时期一致。4.不同时期光合特性、糖苷、干叶产量相关分析生长初期,甜叶菊光合生理特性与糖苷和干叶产量之间关系不大;生长中期甜叶菊光合生理特性与品质、产量性状间相关性显著;现蕾期,净光合速率与蒸腾速率呈极显著相关,与干叶产量呈正相关但不显著,胞间CO_2浓度与总苷和STV/(RA+STV)之间呈显著负相关,与STV苷呈极显著负相关,与RA/总苷和RA/(RA+STV)呈显著正相关;花期,甜叶菊蒸腾速率与RA苷之间呈极显著负相关;花后期,STV苷与RA/GT和RA/(RA+STV)呈极显著负相关关系,与STV/(RA+STV)呈极显著正相关关系,与干叶产量呈显著正相关关系。5.优质高产品系的确定优质、高产是选育甜叶菊种源首要条件和追求目标。若选择高RA食用型品种资源,B13-5RA苷含量高达11.76%,收获时间应在生长初期至生长中期进行采收品质最佳。药用型高STV型甜叶菊应选择H7、4×2B1-16两个品系,STV苷含量分别高达8.45%、7.63%,且两个材料干叶产量也比较高,分别比照品种惠4的干叶产量高出169.41kg/hm~2和430.90 kg/hm~2,田间农艺性状佳,可以进一步区域试验。
[Abstract]:Stevia rebaudiannaBertoni, also known as stevia, belongs to the perennial short day plant of Compositae. It is a new natural sweetener. It has the characteristics of low heat energy, high sweetness, no participation in metabolism, safety and innocuity. Based on the selected 6 lines as materials, using randomized block design (the new variety "Huinong No. 4" as the control material, hereinafter referred to as the "4 benefits"), to carry out different genotypes of sweet Juguang leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics, in the study of dynamic changes of glycosides content in each growth period and determination of agronomic traits the screening of high yield and quality of sweet leaf strain, lay the foundation for the breeding of new varieties of Stevia, provide a theoretical reference for the guidance of Stevia suitable harvest period. The main results were as follows: 1. the agronomic characters of the agronomic characters were related to the yield and agronomic traits of Stevia. The leaf length has a very significant positive correlation with the yield of dry leaves, stem yield and fresh plant yield, and has a significant positive correlation with the yield of fresh leaves. There were significant positive correlation between plant height and dry leaf yield, fresh plant yield, stem yield and fresh leaf yield. The growth period was negatively correlated with the yield of dry leaves, the yield of fresh plants, the yield of stem and the yield of fresh leaves, but not significant. There was a very significant positive correlation between the yield of dry leaves, the yield of fresh plant, the yield of stem and the yield of fresh leaves in the yield traits. In the 7 lines of the test, the yield of dry leaf was ranked 4 * 2B1-16H7 4Y13-5-1B13-54+ in order from high to low. 2. photosynthetic characteristics change control varieties Hui 4 and the other 6 tested strains of average photosynthetic rate (Pn) from high to low order H74 * 2B1-16 Hui 4Y134+B13-5-5-1; different strains of the average transpiration rate (Tr) the size of the order from high to low for the benefit of 4H7Y13B13-54+4 * 2B1-16-5-1; the average stomatal conductance the whole study period (Gs) from high to low order H74 * 2B1-16 Hui 44+B13-5Y13-5-1; intercellular CO_2 concentration (Ci) from high to low order 4 * 2B1-16Y13-5-1B13-54+ Hui 4H7. 3. the dynamic changes of glycosides (1) the variation of total glucosides in different strains of chrysanthemum strains was 9.43%-17.75%. Hui 4, 4+, Y13, 4 * 2B1-16, B13-5 five materials in the whole inspection period, the total glycosides (GT) content showed Shuangfeng curve change. Hui 4 total glycoside content appeared in the late flowering stage. 4+, B13-5 and Y13 three materials total glucoside content maximum appeared in the middle growth stage. The maximum content of total glycosides of 4 x 2B1-16 appeared at the flowering stage. The peak of total glycosides of -5-1 appeared in the middle growth period, and the peak of total glycosides of H7 appeared at the bud stage. The maximum content of total glycosides of different strains from high to low was B13-54+Y13-5-1H74 * 2B1-16 Hui 4. (2) in the whole growth period, the benefits of 4 and B13-5 of rebaudioside A (RA) RA was decreased, the maximum appeared in the initial stage of growth, respectively 7.44%, 11.76%; Y13, 4+, -5-1, the highest H7, 4 * 2B1-16 RA content values appeared in the middle growth stage, the content of RA were 9.75%, 10.17%, 10.14%, 8.31%, 8.78%; all the tested materials. The content of RA was the highest value from high to low is B13-54+-5-1Y134 * 2B1-16H7 4. (3) the variation of the content of stevioside (STV) in different strains of different strains was 0.26% ~ 8.45% in different periods. Hui 4, 4+, Y13, 4 * 2B1-16, -5-1, H7 and other 6 materials in the whole inspection period, STV content increased linearly, and the peak value appeared in the same period, all appeared in the late flowering stage. Only B13-5 exceptions showed high - low - high trend changes during the entire period, and the lowest value appeared at the bud stage, which was consistent with the period of the lowest total glycosides. 4. different periods of photosynthetic characteristics, glycosides, correlation analysis of dry leaf yield in early growth period, leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics of sweet Juguang and glucoside and dry leaf yield little relation between growth period; Juguang sweet leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics and quality and yield traits were significantly correlated; the budding stage, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate was significant related, related to stem leaf yield was positive but not significant, and the intercellular CO_2 concentration of total glycosides and STV/ (RA+STV) have a significantly negative correlation, and negative correlation with STV and RA/ glycosides, glycosides and RA/ (RA+STV) showed a significant positive correlation between Stevia; florescence, transpiration rate and RA glycoside a significant negative correlation; flower stage, with RA/GT and STV in RA/ (RA+STV) showed a significant negative correlation, and STV/ (RA+STV) showed a very significant positive correlation between stem and leaf yield was positively correlated. The determination of quality and high yield of 5. high quality and high quality products is the primary condition and goal for the breeding of Stevia. If the content of high RA edible varieties was selected, the content of B13-5RA glucoside was as high as 11.76%, and the harvest time should be the best in the early growth period to the middle growth stage. Medicinal type high STV Stevia should be 4 * 2B1-16 two strains H7, STV, anthocyanin content were as high as 8.45%, 7.63%, and two material dry leaf yield is relatively high, with 4 of the varieties were favored dry leaf yield is higher than 169.41kg/hm~2 and 430.90 kg/hm~2, agronomic traits, can be further regional test.
【学位授予单位】：安徽科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S566.9

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