急性偏热环境对肉鸡行为、生理生化指标及avUCPmRNA表达影响

发布时间：2017-12-28 09:36

本文关键词：急性偏热环境对肉鸡行为、生理生化指标及avUCPmRNA表达影响　出处：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着室内温湿调控技术的不断改进,环境持续高温对家禽应激影响相对减弱。但偏热环境温度骤然升高引起的急性应激现象比较常见,不利于家禽的健康生长。因此,急性偏热环境对家禽生长发育的影响受到广泛关注。本试验研究急性偏热环境对肉鸡行为、生理和糖脂代谢、血液酸碱平衡及其胸肌和肝脏解偶联蛋白的影响,旨在为肉鸡提供热舒适环境温度及其调控研究奠定理论基础和技术支持。本试验设计环境温度为23、26、29、32℃时,肉鸡受急性应激30 min、2h后,研究其行为、生理和糖脂代谢、水盐代谢及其胸肌和肝脏解偶联蛋白指标变化;环境温度为23℃,相对湿度为35%、60%、85%时,肉鸡受急性应激2h,检测上述同样指标。主要试验结果如下:1、不同环境温度对肉鸡行为、生理生化及解偶联蛋白avUCP mRNA表达影响与20℃对照组相比,23℃急性偏热处理,肉鸡鸡冠、耳垂、小腿、脚蹼温度显著升高(P0.05);伸展休息次数显著性增多(P0.05),站立次数显著性减少(P0.05);肉鸡胸肌avUCP mRNA表达显著性降低(P0.05)。26℃急性偏热处理肉鸡体核温度和皮肤温度、呼吸频率均显著性升高(P0.05),但TC无显著性差异(P0.05);肉鸡伸展休息次数显著性增多(P0.05),坐着休息次数减少(P0.05);肉鸡胸肌avUCP mRNA表达显著性降低(P0.05)。29℃急性偏热处理肉鸡体核温度和皮肤温度、呼吸频率均显著性升高(P0.05),血清GLU、TC显著性降低(P0.05);活动行为(采食、站立)次数显著性减少(P0.05),饮水次数显著性增多(P0.05);肉鸡胸肌avUCP mRNA表达显著性降低(P0.05),但肝脏表达升高(P0.05)。32℃急性热处理肉鸡体核温度和皮肤温度、呼吸频率均显著性升高(P0.05);血清TC含量显著性降低(P0.05);坐着休息次数显著性减少(P0.05);肉鸡胸肌avUCP mRNA表达显著性降低(P0.05),但肝脏表达升高(P0.05)。35℃急性热处理肉鸡皮温、呼吸频率均显著性升高(P0.05);伸展休息次数显著性增多(P0.05),坐着休息次数显著性减少(P0.05)。这表明23℃时肉鸡已开始通过行为调节来维持体内平衡,26℃时肉鸡体核温度升高,通过体核温度升高来维持体内平衡,23℃时肉鸡通过启动化学调节来降低胸肌avUCP mRNA表达。2、同种温度(23℃)不同湿度(35%、60%、85%)环境对肉鸡行为、生理生化、糖脂代谢的影响急性偏热23℃处理,与中湿(60%)相比,低湿(35%)处理肉鸡体核、脚蹼温度显著性降低(P0.05),而小腿、耳垂温度无显著差异(P0.05);血清T_3、T_4、GLU显著性降低(P0.05),TG、TC显著性升高(P0.05),但CORT无显著性差异(P0.05);呼吸频率显著性降低(P0.05);休息行为(坐着、伸展、俯伏)均无显著性差异(P0.05)。高湿(85%)处理肉鸡小腿、鸡冠温度显著升高(P0.05);血浆T3显著升高(P0.05),T4显著降低(P0.05);血清GLU显著升高(P0.05),血清TG、TC显著升高(P0.05);呼吸频率显著升高(P0.05);坐着次数显著降低(P0.05),伸展次数显著增加(P0.05)。这表明23℃时,高湿(85%)环境显著影响肉鸡的休息行为、呼吸频率、皮温。总之,急性偏热应激和不同湿度对AA肉鸡行为、生理生化、分子指标均产生不同程度的影响。从生产性能和能量利用效率角度来看,23℃属于偏热温度。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of indoor temperature and humidity control technology, the impact of environmental continuous high temperature on poultry stress is relatively weakened. However, the acute stress caused by a sudden increase in the temperature of the heat environment is more common, which is not conducive to the healthy growth of poultry. Therefore, the effect of acute thermal environment on the growth and development of poultry is widely concerned. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of acute hot environment on behavior, physiology and glucose and lipid metabolism, blood acid-base balance and the uncoupling proteins in the chest muscle and liver of broilers, aiming to lay a theoretical foundation and technical support for the research of heating comfort environment temperature and its regulation in broilers. The experimental design of the environment temperature is 23, 26, 29, 32 degrees, 30 min, broiler acute stress by 2H, to study its behavior, physiology and metabolism of glucose and lipid, water and salt metabolism and uncoupling protein of breast muscle and liver index changes; the environment temperature is 23 DEG C, relative humidity of 35%, 60%, 85%, broiler under acute stress 2h, detection of the same index. The main results are as follows: 1, different environmental temperature on broiler behavior, physiology and biochemistry and uncoupling protein avUCP mRNA expression compared to the impact and 20 C 23 C control group, acute partial heat treatment, chicken comb, earlobe, leg, fin temperature increased significantly (P0.05); the rest was a significant increase in the number of extension (P0.05), the number of standing significant reduction (P0.05); the expression of avUCP was significantly lower in broiler breast muscle mRNA (P0.05). 26 degrees of acute partial heat treatment of broiler body core temperature and skin temperature and respiratory frequency were significantly increased (P0.05), but no significant difference in TC (P0.05); the rest was a significant increase in the number of broiler extension (P0.05), sit and rest; reduce the number (P0.05) significantly reduced the expression of avUCP mRNA P0.05 (chicken breast). 29 degrees of acute partial heat treatment of broiler body core temperature and skin temperature and respiratory frequency were significantly increased (P0.05), serum GLU, TC were significantly lower (P0.05); activities (feeding, standing) times were significantly decreased (P0.05), drinking times significantly increased (P0.05) was significantly reduced; chicken breast muscle avUCP mRNA (P0.05), but increased the expression of the liver (P0.05). 32 degrees of acute heat treatment of broiler body core temperature and skin temperature and respiratory rate were increased significantly (P0.05); the content of serum TC decreased significantly (P0.05); sit and rest times were significantly reduced (P0.05) significantly decreased the expression of chicken breast muscle; avUCP mRNA (P0.05), but increased the expression of the liver (P0.05). 35 degrees of acute heat treatment of broiler skin temperature and respiratory rate were increased significantly (P0.05); the rest was a significant increase in the number of extension (P0.05), sit and rest times were significantly reduced (P0.05). This indicates that when the temperature is 23, the broiler has begun to maintain homeostasis through behavioral adjustment. At 26? C, the body core temperature of broilers is increased, and the body balance is maintained through the increase of body core temperature. At 23? C, the expression of avUCP mRNA is reduced by starting chemical regulation in broilers. 2, the same temperature (23 DEG C) different humidity (35%, 60%, 85%) the environmental impact on broiler behavior, physiology and biochemistry, glucose and lipid metabolism in acute partial heat treatment and wet in 23, (60%) compared to low humidity (35%) broilers body nucleus, fins significantly lower temperature (P0.05), and the shank earlobe, temperature had no significant difference (P0.05); serum T_3, T_4 and GLU were significantly lower (P0.05), TG, TC increased significantly (P0.05), but no significant difference between CORT (P0.05); respiratory rate decreased significantly (P0.05); resting behavior (sit, stretch, and there were no) significant differences (P0.05). High humidity (85%) treatment of broiler leg, comb temperature increased significantly (P0.05); plasma T3 increased significantly (P0.05), T4 decreased significantly (P0.05); the serum GLU increased significantly (P0.05), serum TG, TC were significantly increased (P0.05); respiratory rate increased significantly (P0.05); the number was significantly reduced (sitting P0.05), stretching times increased significantly (P0.05). This shows that 23 degrees, high humidity environment (85%) significantly affect the resting behavior, respiratory rate, skin temperature of broilers. In conclusion, acute partial heat stress and different humidity have different effects on the behavior, physiology, biochemistry and molecular index of AA broilers. From the point of view of production performance and energy utilization efficiency, 23 C belongs to the temperature of partial heat.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S831

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