辽宁地区PRRS流行病学调查及其不同疫苗免疫对猪免疫效果影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 11:15

  本文关键词：辽宁地区PRRS流行病学调查及其不同疫苗免疫对猪免疫效果影响的研究　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 血清学调查 病原学调查 细胞因子 血液细胞

【摘要】：本试验旨在通过对辽宁地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)进行流行病学调查及对PRRS不同疫苗免疫对猪免疫效果的影响进行研究,为制定能够有效防控PRRS的免疫程序提供科学依据。本次试验应用ELISA检测技术对2015年-2016年间辽宁地区10个市县的已免疫与未免疫PRRS疫苗的猪血清样品共1892份,进行PRRS血清流行病学调查。结果显示:已免疫猪群PRRSV抗体阳性率为68.08%,不同生长时期中断奶仔猪阳性率最高,不同季节中冬季阳性率最低;未免疫猪群PRRSV抗体阳性率为25.35%,不同生长时期中断奶仔猪阳性率仍最高,不同季节中夏季阳性率最高。采集疑似PRRS病死猪的组织病料共1490份,进行PRRS的病原流行病学调查。结果显示:2015年-2016年辽宁地区PRRS病原平均阳性率为45.91%,不同生长时期中以断奶仔猪阳性率最高,其次是哺乳仔猪,不同季节中夏季阳性率最高。结果表明:PRRSV以仔猪最易感,气温低下是影响PRRSV免疫效果不佳的重要因素,同时气温高可以增加PRRSV的感染率。本试验选取42头未免健康断奶仔猪,随机分为4组(A组、B组、C组、D组)。A组对照,B组免疫弱毒苗,C组免疫灭活苗,D组同时免疫弱毒苗和灭活苗。分别于免疫前、免疫后第14 d、28 d、42 d、56 d、70 d前腔静脉采血进行血常规分析,采用ELISA方法检测特异性抗体,同时检测淋巴细胞转化率以及IFN-α IFN-γ、TNF-α等细胞因子水平。结果显示:免疫后,D组白细胞数始终高于B组,并于免疫第42 d后极显著高于其他3组(p0.01);免疫第28d后,D组淋巴细胞数极显著高于B组(p0.01);各组红细胞数、血红蛋白浓度、中性粒细胞数及中值细胞数均呈现缓慢上升趋势,且D组高于其他3组(p0.05);B组抗体水平显著高于D组(p0.05)、极显著高于A组(p0.01);在免疫后42 d时,D组淋巴细胞转化率极显著高于A组、B组、C组(p0.01),在免疫56 d后B组淋巴细胞转化率显著高于C、D两组(p0.05);B组细胞因子水平于14 d时高于其他三组,加强免疫后细胞因子水平均有所下降,在70 d时升高。结果表明:同时免疫弱毒苗和灭活苗能够更好的刺激猪血液细胞增殖,免疫蓝耳病弱毒苗组免疫效果优于免疫灭活苗组和两种疫苗同时免疫组。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSs) in Liaoning area and to study the effects of different vaccines of PRRS on the immune response of pigs. To provide a scientific basis for the formulation of an effective immunization program for the prevention and control of PRRS. This experiment applied ELISA detection technology to 10 cities and counties in Liaoning from 2015 to 2016 to be immunized and unimmunized. The serum samples of PRRS vaccine were 1 892. The results showed that the positive rate of PRRSV antibody in immunized pigs was 68.08, and the positive rate of weaning piglets was the highest in different growth stages. The positive rate in winter was the lowest in different seasons. The positive rate of PRRSV antibody in unimmunized pigs was 25.35. The positive rate of weaning piglets was still the highest in different growth stages. The positive rate in summer was the highest in different seasons. A total of 1490 tissue samples of suspected dead pigs with PRRS were collected. The results showed that the average positive rate of PRRS in Liaoning from 2015 to 2016 was 45.91%. The positive rate of weaning piglets was the highest in different growth stages, followed by suckling piglets, and the highest positive rate was in summer in different seasons. The results showed that weaning piglets were the most susceptible. Low temperature is an important factor that affects the immune effect of PRRSV, and high temperature can increase the infection rate of PRRSV. In this study, 42 healthy weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 groups. Groups B, C, C, D, D, A, B, B, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, B, C, C, C, B, C, C, C, C, B, C, C, C, C, C, B, C, C, C, C, C, C, B, C, C, C, C, C, The blood samples were collected from the vena cava 70 days before 42 d to 56 d, and the specific antibodies were detected by ELISA method. The lymphocyte transformation rate and IFN- 伪 IFN- 纬 were also detected. The level of cytokines such as TNF- 伪 was significantly higher in group D than that in group B after immunization, and was significantly higher than that in group B (P 0.01) after 42 days of immunization. The number of lymphocytes in group D was significantly higher than that in group B after 28 days of immunization. The erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, neutrophil number and median cell number of each group showed a slow upward trend, and group D was higher than other three groups (P 0.05). The level of antibody in group B was significantly higher than that in group D (p0.05), and was significantly higher than that in group A (p0.01). The lymphocyte transformation rate in D group was significantly higher than that in C group at 42 d after immunization, and the lymphocyte transformation rate in B group was significantly higher than that in C group on 56 d after immunization. Group D: p0.05; The levels of cytokines in group B were higher than those in the other three groups at day 14, and the levels of cytokines in group B decreased after immunization. The results showed that simultaneously immunized attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine could stimulate the proliferation of porcine blood cells better. The immune effect of the attenuated blue ear disease vaccine group was better than that of the inactivated vaccine group and the two vaccine groups.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S858.28
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本文编号：1378255