湘中地区矮化香椿施肥技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 20:26

  本文关键词：湘中地区矮化香椿施肥技术研究　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 矮化香椿 不同肥料 生长 叶片 椿芽产量

【摘要】：本试验通过在湖南湘乡地区的大田实验,研究了复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥对矮化香椿的生长、叶片营养成分、产量的影响,系统地分析了多项指标的动态变化特点,优选出了适合湘中地区矮化香椿生长的肥料施用组合,为湘中地区矮化香椿的栽培生产中的肥料选用提供依据。主要研究结果如下:(1)复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥的浓度均对香椿的地径增加量影响极显著,复合肥和磷酸二氢钾浓度对老叶长度、小叶长度、小叶数量影响显著,氨基酸肥对老叶长度、小叶长度、小叶数量影响未达到显著水平。在所有生长量方面,复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥的促进效果均随着浓度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势;在地径增加量方面,复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥的所有浓度处理均对比对照组显著提高;在老叶和小叶生长发育方面,过高浓度的磷酸二氢钾不适合老叶和小叶生长发育,对其有一定抑制作用。(2)复合肥的所有处理均对叶片可溶性蛋白质含量有明显的促进作用;磷酸二氢钾浓度在0.5g·L-1～1.5g·L-1范围内对叶片可溶性蛋白质含量有明显的促进作用,浓度为2.0g·L-1时促进效果不显著;氨基酸肥仅在浓度为1.Og·L-1对叶片可溶性蛋白质含量有明显的促进作用,过高和过低浓度都不利于叶片蛋白质的积累。(3)不同浓度的复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥均对香椿叶片可溶性糖含量有差异性影响。复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥对可溶性糖含量的促进效果均随着浓度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,过高浓度效果均不显著,合理的浓度选择可以增加香椿叶片的光合作用,使光合产物增加,干物质的积累增多,进而提高可溶性糖含量。(4)合理浓度的复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥均能促进香椿叶片对氮元素的吸收积累,效果大小依次为:复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥。复合肥的所有浓度处理均与对照组存在极显著性差异,在各个时期均能明显提高氮含量;磷酸二氢钾浓度在0.5g·L-1～1·5g·L-1范围内对叶片可溶性蛋白质含量有明显的促进作用,浓度过高时则与对照组的差异不显著;当氨基酸肥浓度高于1.Og·L-1时便会不利于叶片中的氮元素的积累。(5)施用复合肥和磷酸二氢钾均能长期提高并且保持叶片的磷含量,使香椿叶片的磷元素在花期和果期不会过多的转移和流失;施用氨基酸肥对香椿叶片的磷含量没有影响,不同浓度处理均与对照组差异未达显著水平,不同浓度之间差异也未达显著水平。(6)不同浓度的复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥均对香椿叶片得钾含量有影响。施用磷酸二氢钾能在短期内使叶片的钾含量大幅度提升,随着时间提升效果逐渐下降,而复合肥能长期提升并保持较高程度的钾含量;所有浓度的氨基酸肥也能在短期内小幅度提升叶片的钾含量,但随着时间提升效果迅速下降,较高浓度的氨基酸肥的钾含量甚至低于对照组。(7)复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥混合施用均能在不同程度上提高香椿的生长量、椿芽的质量和产量。使香椿丰产的最佳施用组合是:复合肥浓度40g·株-1,磷酸二氢钾浓度1.Og·L-1,氨基酸肥浓度1.5g·LL-1,椿芽产量为31.15g·株-1,比对照组高77.90%。对椿芽产量的影响因子的大小依次为:复合肥、磷酸二氢钾、氨基酸肥,复合肥浓度和磷酸二氢钾浓度的交互项对椿芽产量表现出很好的显著性。
[Abstract]:The field experiment in Hunan Xiangxiang area through the test of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on the growth of dwarf Chinese Toona, leaf nutrients, yield, and systematic analysis of the dynamic characteristics of a number of indicators, optimized fertilization combined growth of Toona sinensis dwarf in the area of Hunan, provide the basis for cultivation production in the area of Hunan in dwarf Chinese Toona fertilizer use. The main results are as follows: (1) compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, concentration of amino acid fertilizer on the diameter increment of Toona sinensis significantly affected, compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration on the leaf length, leaf length, leaf number of leaflet length amino acid fertilizer on the old leaf length, number of leaflets effect did not reach significant level. In all growth, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer promoting effect was increased with the concentration First increased and then decreased; in diameter increment, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer in all treatments had significantly increased compared with the control group; in the old leaves and lobular growth, high concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is not suitable for old leaves and lobular growth, has a certain inhibitory effect on it. (2 all) compound fertilizer had obvious promoting effect on soluble protein content; potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration in the 0.5g - L-1 - 1.5g - L-1 range of soluble protein content in leaf was promoted. The concentration of 2.0g - L-1 effect is not significant; amino acid fertilizer only in the concentration of 1.Og and L-1 have obvious effect on soluble protein content, high and low concentrations are not conducive to the accumulation of leaf protein. (3) different concentrations of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on leaves of Toona sinensis Soluble sugar content difference. Effect of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, promote the effect of amino acid fertilizer on the soluble sugar content increased with the increased first and then decreased by increasing the concentration, high concentration effects were not significant, the reasonable concentration can increase the photosynthesis of Toona sinensis leaves, increase photosynthetic yield, dry matter the accumulation, and increase the content of soluble sugar. (4) the reasonable concentration of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer could promote the absorption of nitrogen accumulation in leaf of Toona sinensis, the effect size is as follows: compound fertilizer, potassium hydrogen phosphate, two amino acid fertilizer. All concentrations of compound fertilizer and control group was significantly the difference, can significantly increase the nitrogen content in each period were 0.5g L-1; potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration in the - 1 - 5g - L-1 range of soluble protein content in leaf was promoted. The concentration is too high and The control group had no significant difference; when the concentration is higher than that of 1.Og and L-1 amino acid fertilizer is not conducive to the accumulation of nitrogen in the leaves. (5) compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve and maintain long-term phosphorus content in leaves, the phosphorus in leaf of Toona sinensis in flowering and fruit will not transfer too much and loss; did not affect the application of amino acid fertilizer on phosphorus content of Toona sinensis leaves, different concentrations compared with control group, the differences were not significant, differences between different concentrations did not reach significant level. (6) different concentrations of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on leaf of Toona sinensis have effect of potassium content. The application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the short term can greatly enhance leaf potassium content, as the time to enhance the effect of decreased gradually, and the long-term fertilizer can enhance and maintain a high degree of amino acid content of potassium fertilizer; all concentrations can also be in the short term To enhance the potassium content in leaves of small amplitude, but with time to enhance the effect of potassium content decreased rapidly, high concentration of amino acid fertilizer and even lower than the control group. (7) compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer application could improve the growth of Toona sinensis in different extent, the quality and yield of Chinese toon sprouts. The best combination of application toon yield are: compound fertilizer concentration of 40g strains -1, 1.Og and L-1 concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer concentration 1.5g / LL-1, the output of Chinese toon sprouts of 31.15g strain -1, were compared to the control factor of the influence on the output of Chinese toon sprouts group: high 77.90%. compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer, compound fertilizer and concentration the interaction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration showed that the yield of Chinese toon bud is very good.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S644.4
，

本文编号：1384711