三七种苗物理机械特性与分级试验研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 07:21

本文关键词：三七种苗物理机械特性与分级试验研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：三七作为一种珍贵并且古老的中草药,其药用价值极高。云南省作为中国三七生产和加工规模最大的省份,一直高度重视三七种植的规范化。三七红籽于每年年末播种,次年年末进行移栽。目前,由于三七种苗没有系统科学的分类,直接由人工移栽,这对于其后续的生长和产量有着很大的影响。由于人们对于三七种苗的物理机械特性认识不够,很难设计出一种适合三七规范化移栽的机械,所以现阶段市场上并没有针对三七种苗的移栽机械。人工移栽不但对劳动力需求过大,还会导致第三年收获的三七质量参差不齐。因此,全面认识三七种苗的物理机械特性与合理的分级可以为三七种苗的移栽机的设计提供有力的数据支撑,是三七种苗移栽机设计的基础。本研究先对生长在云南省内各个产地的三七种苗进行了系统的研究,运用统计学软件对收集到的数据进行处理,提出了科学的分类方法,将三七种苗划分等级。对已经分好级别的三七种苗一些物理机械特性进行了研究。最后,提出一种基于图像处理的三七种苗的分级方法,并进行试验验证。本文的主要研究内容、方法与结论如下:(1)研究三七种苗的质量等级。本文对三七道地产地和新产地10个不同的地方对一年生的三七种苗进行采集,对其基本的形状参数运用SPSS软件进行统计学分析,并根据已有文献和国家标准对三七种苗进行分析,从而得出一个科学有效的分级方法和等级划分。(2)参考农业物料学与农业固体物料的物理机械特性的测定方法,对不同等级的三七种苗的单株重、体积、密度、含水率等基本物理机械特性进行测定,并按照GB/T1928-2009《木材物理力学试验方法总则》进行压缩、剪切特性试验,得到了单株重、根长和根直径、密度、含水率与三七种苗等级的关系;最大轴向压缩应力、径向压缩应力、轴向剪切应力、径向剪切应力;平均轴向压缩弹性模量、径向压缩弹性模量、轴向剪切模量、径向剪切模量与泊松比。(3)利用Matlab软件对采集到的三七种苗进行图像处理及分析,得出三七种苗二值图像的投影面积,并建立与三七种苗单株重的回归方程。提出了基于图像处理的三七等级的划分方法。
[Abstract]:37 as a precious traditional Chinese herbal medicine and ancient, its medicinal value is very high. Yunnan province is Chinese 37 production and processing of the largest provinces, has always attached great importance to the standardization of planting 37. At the end of each year 37 red seed sowing, transplanting by the end of next year. At present, due to the 37 seed no scientific classification system, directly by artificial transplanting, which has a great influence on the subsequent growth and yield. Owing to the physical and mechanical characteristics of 37 seedling understanding is not enough, it is very difficult to design a machine for 37 standardized transplanting, so at this stage the market is not for the 37 seedling transplanting machine. Artificial transplanting not only the demand for labor too large, will lead to 37 third years of harvest uneven quality. Therefore, the physical and mechanical characteristics of a comprehensive understanding of the 37 seedlings with reasonable classification of 37 seedlings The data provide strong support for the design of transplanting machine, 37 seedling transplanting machine is designed. This study first made a systematic study on the growth of seedlings of 37 in Yunnan Province in various areas, are dealt with by the statistical software to collect data, put forward the scientific classification, the 37 grade of seedlings. 37 seedlings have good levels of some physical and mechanical properties were studied. Finally, put forward a method of classification of 37 seedlings based on image processing, and test. The main research contents, methods and conclusions are as follows: (1) the quality grade of 37 seedlings. The collection of the 37 estate. And the new origin of 10 different places on the annual 37 seedlings, statistical analysis of the basic shape parameters by using SPSS software, and according to the existing literature and the national standard of 37 seedlings were analyzed, so as to obtain a scientific and effective method of classification and classification. (2) method for the determination of physics mechanical properties of solid materials and agricultural reference of agricultural materials, plant seedlings on 37 different levels of the weight, volume, density, mechanical properties such as water content of the physical medium were determined, and in accordance with the test method for wood physical and mechanical GB/T1928-2009< general > compression shear test, the plant weight, root length and root diameter, density, the relationship between water content and 37 grade of seedling; the maximum axial compressive stress, radial compressive stress, axial shear stress, radial shear stress; elastic modulus of average axial compression radial compression, elastic modulus, axial radial shear modulus, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio. (3) by using the software of Matlab 37 seedlings on the collected image processing and analysis, obtained 37 seedlings of two value images The projection area was projected and the regression equation was established with the single plant weight of 37 seedlings. A 37 grade classification method based on image processing was proposed.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S223.9

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