云南省农田生态系统净碳汇及其补偿机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 01:25

本文关键词：云南省农田生态系统净碳汇及其补偿机制研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：云南省农田生态系统净碳汇及其补偿机制研究对生态文明建设、发展低碳农业和扶贫工作具有重要的推动作用。本文使用系数法分别估算了云南农作物碳吸收量,农田生产过程投入产生的碳排放量,以及农田土壤固碳量和农田土壤呼吸碳排放量,得到2000—2014年云南农田生态系统净碳汇量和单位面积净碳汇量的变化范围分别为2125.67×104～2785.65×104t和3.40～4.49t.hm-2,都呈增长趋势,年均增长率分别为1.86%和2.01%。然后构建云南农田生态系统碳补偿机制,包括补偿主客体,补偿原则,补偿标准,补偿模式和补偿的资金来源。其中,补偿主体是中央和云南地方政府、企业组织、非营利组织和公民等,企业是最重要的补偿主体,通过承担社会责任自愿参与碳补偿,补偿客体是当地农作物耕种者;根据2013年云南农田单位面积净碳汇量和碳平均价格,补偿标准为248.24元/hm2;补偿模式包括政府补偿和市场补偿,政府补偿又包括资金补偿、、实物补偿、政策补偿和技术补偿。最后提出了完善云南农田碳补偿机制的建议,包括完善碳补偿的法律法规及政策,建立净碳汇的测算体系,建立低碳耕种专家指导机制,以及建立碳补偿的管理机制和保障机制。
[Abstract]:Study on net carbon sequestration and its compensation Mechanism of farmland ecosystem in Yunnan Province on the Construction of Ecological Civilization. The development of low-carbon agriculture and poverty alleviation work play an important role. This paper estimates the amount of carbon absorbed by crops and the carbon emissions from the input of farmland production process in Yunnan using coefficient method. And carbon sequestration in farmland soil and carbon emissions from respiration in farmland soil. From 2000 to 2014, the range of net carbon sinks and net carbon sinks per unit area of farmland ecosystem in Yunnan is 2125.67 脳 10 ~ 4 ~ 2785.65 脳 10 ~ (4) t and 3.40 respectively. 4.49t.hm-2. The average annual growth rate is 1.86% and 2.01 respectively. Then the carbon compensation mechanism of farmland ecosystem in Yunnan is constructed, including the compensation subject and object, the compensation principle and the compensation standard. Compensation model and the source of compensation funds. Among them, the main compensation is the central and Yunnan local governments, business organizations, non-profit organizations and citizens, enterprises are the most important subject of compensation. Voluntary participation in carbon compensation through social responsibility, the object of which is local crop farmers; According to the net carbon sink and the average price of carbon per unit area of farmland in Yunnan in 2013, the compensation standard is 248.24 yuan / hm ~ (2); Compensation model includes government compensation and market compensation, government compensation includes financial compensation, material compensation, policy compensation and technical compensation. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the compensation mechanism of farmland carbon in Yunnan. It includes perfecting the laws, regulations and policies of carbon compensation, establishing the measuring system of net carbon sink, establishing the guiding mechanism of experts on low carbon farming, and establishing the management mechanism and guarantee mechanism of carbon compensation.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S181;F323.211

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