基于安卓系统的电驱动卷盘式喷灌机电机自控关键技术

发布时间：2018-01-23 05:03

本文关键词： 卷盘式喷灌机无刷直流电机速度控制无线监控安卓客户端　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国作为传统的农业大国,农业用水一直是备受关注的焦点。根据2015年10月通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》,中国将实行最严格的水资源管理制度,因此,创新灌溉设备、提高灌溉效率,推进喷灌、微灌在内的节水灌溉技术是未来我国农业发展的主要方向。卷盘式喷灌机具有价格适中、操作简单、喷洒均匀、灌溉效率高等优点,非常适合我国国情,在未来拥有非常大的市场潜力。但是,我国目前使用的卷盘式喷灌机普遍采用水涡轮作为PE管回收的动力,通过调节阀的开度控制流量进而控制卷管回收的速度。机械式水涡轮固有的特性也可能造成卷盘回收速度不稳定、低速工况较差、喷洒不均匀等问题。本文以应用较广的JP75-250/D型电驱动卷盘式喷灌机为例,针对无刷直流电机自动控制相关问题,在江苏省农业科技支撑计划项目“低能耗自动卷盘式智能农业灌溉装备研究与开发”(项目编号:BE2012385)资助下,开展了以下创新性研究:1.针对传统的机械式水涡轮低速工况差、调速范围窄、速度调节不便等不足之处,使用无刷直流电机代替传统的机械式水涡轮作为卷盘式喷灌机的动力系统,设计基于STM32的控制器,引入速度闭环控制,加强对扰动的抗干扰、自恢复能力,增强卷管回收的稳定性。2.卷盘式喷灌机在作业过程中往往涉及到卷盘层数的切换,随着卷盘回卷半径的增加,为了保持卷管回收速度的稳定性需要相应的改变电机转速。传统的调节方式一般为现场工作人员根据经验手动调速,本文系统将根据预设工况参数和经验公式编制程序自动控制电机转速的切换,保证卷盘式喷灌机作业的自动化操作。3.针对传统卷盘式喷灌机作业时需要工人参与的状况,基于物联网技术设计了基于安卓系统的客户端,实现操作人员远程监控卷盘式喷灌机的运行的功能。通过试验验证,无刷直流电机可以稳定在设定转速上,在10%的负载扰动下转速可以较快的回到设定值。基于安卓系统的客户端可以远程监控无刷直流电机的运行,根据需要反馈电机相关工作状态;通过在客户端设定PE管回收速度、传动挡位、PE管工作长度即可自动生成一次完整作业的各个工况点并自动控制电机做出相应的调整。
[Abstract]:China is a traditional agricultural country. Agricultural water use has always been the focus of attention. According to the "recommendations of the CPC Central Committee on the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" adopted in October 2015. China will implement the most stringent water resources management system, therefore, innovative irrigation equipment, improve irrigation efficiency, and promote sprinkler irrigation. The water-saving irrigation technology, including micro-irrigation, is the main direction of agricultural development in the future. The coil and disc sprinkler has the advantages of moderate price, simple operation, uniform spraying, high irrigation efficiency, and so on, which is very suitable for the national conditions of our country. In the future, there is a great market potential. However, water turbine is widely used as the power of PE pipe recovery in the current coiled disk sprinkler irrigation machine in China. The inherent characteristics of the mechanical water turbine may also lead to instability of the reel recovery speed and poor low speed conditions. This paper takes JP75-250/D type electric drive coil type sprinkler irrigation machine as an example, aiming at the related problems of brushless DC motor automatic control. Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology support Project "Research and Development of Intelligent Irrigation equipment with low Energy consumption, automatic Coil and disk Type" (Project No.: BEBE2012385). The following innovative research was carried out: 1. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional mechanical water turbine, such as low speed working condition, narrow speed range and inconvenient speed regulation, etc. The brushless DC motor is used to replace the traditional mechanical water turbine as the power system of the coil irrigation machine. The controller based on STM32 is designed and the speed closed-loop control is introduced to enhance the anti-interference to the disturbance. Self-recovery ability, enhance the stability of coil tube recovery .2. the coil irrigation machine in the process of operation often involves in the number of coil layer switching, with the increase of the coil back radius. In order to maintain the stability of the reclaiming speed of the coil, the speed of the motor needs to be changed accordingly. The traditional regulation method is usually manual speed regulation for the field workers according to their experience. According to the preset operating condition parameters and empirical formula, the system will compile a program to automatically control the speed switch of the motor. To ensure the automatic operation of coiling and disk sprinkler machine. 3. Aiming at the situation that workers are required to participate in the traditional coiling and disk sprinkler machine operation, the client based on Android system is designed based on the technology of Internet of things. To realize the function of remote monitoring and controlling the operation of the coil and disk sprinkler irrigation machine by the operator. Through the test, the brushless DC motor can be stabilized on the set speed. The speed can return to the set value quickly under the load disturbance of 10%. The client based on Android can monitor the operation of brushless DC motor remotely and feedback the working status of the motor according to the need. By setting the recovery speed of PE pipe at the client end, the working length of PE pipe can be automatically generated and the motor can be adjusted automatically.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S277.94

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