玉米种子活力与抗逆萌发能力关系的研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 02:19

本文关键词： 玉米逆境萌发种子活力　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本试验选取了 62个已经在市场上推广的玉米样品作为试验材料,分别对这些试验的样品进行了田间的出苗试验、发芽率测定试验、以及深播的试验、低温试验、干旱试验、盐胁迫试验、人工老化试验、贮藏试验这一系列的逆境试验,分析各个逆境条件下种子的活力指标的情况,并通过相关性分析的方法分析个各逆境条件下各指标间的相关性,再通过因子分析法分析所选取试验样品活力的综合情况,主要的研究结果如下(在试验结果分析中设定80%为室内试验的统一标准,达到80%则说明活力指标良好):1.发芽率测定试验结果:所选取的试验样品的发芽势在24%-99%之间;样品的发芽率在65%-100%之间,而且发芽率高的样品占绝大多数,有97%的玉米品种种子达到标准,只有四育18、吉单50的发芽率很低。2.田间出苗试验结果:于去年4月末进行的田间出苗试验结果显示除了四育18(该样品在试验进行中所表现出的各项活力指标情况表明已经不适合进行播种)其他样品的出苗率在都57%-96%之间,其中达到标准(85%)的所占比例为53%,但在试验中辽单502、吉单50、辽单588、丹玉305、吉单602、东亚72#、沈玉21(红袋)、铁研818这些样品出苗情况比较差,未达到70%。3.逆境试验结果:试验结果表明,40%的试验样品在深播条件下的逆境萌发能力是达到标准的;87%的试验样品低温下的逆境萌发能力是达到标准的;61%的试验样品在干旱下的逆境萌发能力是达到标准的;85%的试验样品在盐胁迫的下的逆境萌发能力是达到标准的;56%的试验样品人工老化的逆境萌发能力是达到标准的;68%的试验样品在经过贮藏的逆境萌发能力是达到标准的;逆境萌发能力达到标准,种子活力相对较高。4.相关性分析结果:各个逆境条件下的活力指标呈现出一定的相关性,说明单一逆境萌发能力指标不能完全说明种子活力情况;马齿型玉米种子的逆境活力受耐贮藏性以及耐深播性的影响显著;半马齿型玉米种子的逆境活力表现受老化的影响显著。5.种子活力综合分析结果:利用spss19对所选取的样品在不同逆境条件下的发芽率进行主成分分析从而获得种子活力的综合排序,虽然综合情况好的样品一些单一指标有可能会被覆盖,但是可以在整体情况上更了解各个样品的总体抗逆情况。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, 62 maize samples which have already been popularized in the market were selected as experimental materials. The seedling emergence test, germination rate test and deep seeding test were carried out on these test samples in the field. Low temperature test, drought test, salt stress test, artificial aging test and storage test are a series of stress tests to analyze the vigor index of seeds under different stress conditions. And through the method of correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between each index under various stress conditions, and then through factor analysis to analyze the comprehensive situation of the selected test sample vitality. The main results of the study are as follows (80% is set as the unified standard for indoor tests in the analysis of test results. The test results showed that the germination rate of the selected sample was between 24% and 99%. The germination rate of the samples ranged from 65% to 100%, and the samples with high germination rate accounted for most of the samples. 97% of the maize varieties met the standard, with only four breeding 18. The germination rate of Jidan 50 is very low. 2. The result of field seedling emergence trial: in late April last year, the result of field seedling emergence test showed that except for four breeding 18 (. The vigor index of the sample in the experiment shows that it is no longer suitable for seeding.) the emergence rate of other samples is between 57% and 96%. The proportion to reach the standard is 53, but in the experiment, Liaodan 502, Jidan 50, Liaodan 588, Danyu 305, Jidan 602, East Asian 72 #and Shen Yu21 (Red bag). The seedling emergence of Tieyan 818 was not up to 70.3.The results of stress test showed that 40% of the samples had the ability to germinate under the condition of deep sowing. The germinating ability of 87% samples under low temperature was up to the standard. The germinating ability of 61% samples under drought stress was up to the standard. The germinating ability of 85% samples under salt stress was up to the standard. The stress germination ability of 56% samples was up to the standard. The germinating ability of 68% samples was up to the standard after storage. The ability of germination reached the standard and the seed vigor was relatively high. 4. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a certain correlation between the indexes of vigor under various stress conditions. The results showed that the single index of germination ability could not completely explain the vigor of seeds. The stress vigor of horse-toothed maize seeds was significantly affected by storage tolerance and deep sowing tolerance. Stress vigor of semi-horse-toothed maize seeds was significantly affected by aging. 5. The results of comprehensive analysis of seed vigor:. The germination rate of the selected samples under different stress conditions was analyzed by principal component analysis (spss19) to obtain the comprehensive ranking of seed vigor. Although some single indicators may be covered for the well-integrated samples, the overall stress resistance of each sample can be better understood in the overall situation.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S513

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